不同提取方法对白木通果胶的结构及凝胶性与乳化性的影响

Effects of different extraction methods on the structural and gelation and emulsification of Akebia trifoliata var.australis pectin

采用柠檬酸法、盐酸法和纤维素酶法制备出三种白木通果胶(CEP,HEP和CLEP),并研究不同的提取方法对白木通果胶得率、结构及凝胶性与乳化性的影响。结果表明:CLEP具有最高的得率(15.22%)和半乳糖醛酸含量(85.24%),且灰分含量(4.85%)显著高于其他2种果胶(1.03%~2.59%);HEP(54.18%)为高酯果胶,而CEP(40.65%)和CLEP(36.06%)为低酯果胶。CEP,HEP和CLEP的分子量分别为220.50,265.90和15.46 kDa。红外光谱显示,3种果胶均具有果胶的特征官能团峰。X-衍射图谱表明CLEP具有更多完好的晶体。质构分析表明,HEP的凝胶强度(16.70 g)最大,其次是CLEP(11.03 g),CEP最差(3.09 g)。此外,3种白木通果胶的乳化性随pH值的变化差异显著,其中HEP表现出最强的乳化活性,而CLEP具有最强的乳化稳定性。综上,白木通果胶在食品工业和医药等商业应用方面具有潜力,且酶法提取的白木通果胶性能相对优于酸法。

Three kinds of Akebia trifoliata var.australis pectin(CEP,HEP and CLEP)were prepared by citric acid method,hydrochloric acid method and cellulase method,and the effects of different extraction methods on yield,structural,gelation and emulsification properties of Akebia trifoliata var.australis pectin were studied.The results showed that CLEP had the highest yield of 15.22%and the galacturonic acid content of 85.24%;the ash content(4.85%)was significantly higher than that of the other two pectins(1.03%~2.59%);HEP(54.18%)was high ester pectin,while CEP(40.65%)and CLEP(36.06%)were low ester pectin.The molecular weight of CEP,HEP and CLEP were 220.50,265.90 and 15.46 kDa,respectively.Infrared spectroscopy showed that all three pectins had characteristic functional peaks of pectin.The X-ray diffraction results showed that CLEP had more intact crystals.Texture analysis showed that HEP had the best gel strength(16.70 g),followed by CLEP(11.03 g),and CEP was the worst(3.09 g).In addition,the emulsification properties of the three pectins were varied significantly with pH(P<0.05).Among them,HEP showed the strongest emulsifying activity,and CLEP showed the strongest emulsifying stability.In summary,Akebia trifoliata var.australis pectin had potential in commercial applications such as food industry and medicine,and the performance of enzymatically extracted Akebia trifoliata var.australis pectin will be relatively superior to acid method.