上海市青浦区居民雾霾知识认知及信息需求现状调查

Investigation on Knowledge and Information Needs of Haze Among Resdents in Qingpu District,Shanghai

目的了解青浦区居民对雾霾天气的相关知识掌握程度以及对相关信息的需求。方法根据青浦区每个街道(镇)人口数分配调查人数,各街镇采用拦截的方式,使用自行设计的问卷进行匿名现场调查。调查内容包括基础信息、居民对雾霾知识认知情况、大气污染相关信息需求及获取途径和希望的获取途径等。结果发放问卷550份,有效问卷497份,有效应答率90.36%。雾霾知识总体知晓率为64.79%。不同年龄、学历、收入、职业以及家庭内是否有老人/儿童和是否患有心血管疾病的人群雾霾知晓率的差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,学历和家庭内有老人/儿童是影响居民雾霾知晓知晓率的主要影响因素。各不同特征人群知晓率存在差异。居民获取雾霾知识的途径以电视、网络和广播为主。雾霾知识需求排名前5位的内容为雾霾对人体的危害、空气质量数据实时走势、PM2.5知识、雾霾对生活的影响及雾霾天的防护。结论青浦区居民对雾霾相关知识有一定的认知;建议今后针对雾霾防控的健康教育采取传统媒体与新媒体相结合的途径,并要注重宣传知识的的针对性。

Objective To investigate the knowledge and information needs of haze among Qingpu residents in Shanghai.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to anonymously investigate in Qingpu District.The investigation content included the basic information of respondents,the knowledge and information needs of haze,the practical and expected access to information.Results A total of 550 people were surveyed,497 valid questionnaires were obtained,and the valid response was 90.36%.The overall awareness rate of haze knowledge was 64.79%.There were significant differences in the awareness rate of haze among people with different age,education background,income,occupation,whether there were elderly/children in the family,and whether they had cardiovascular disease(P<0.05).Multivariate unconditional logistic regression showed that education level and family with old people/child were associated with awareness rate.TV,internet and radio were the main ways for residents to acquire haze knowledge.The top five contents of haze knowledge demand were haze harm to human,real-time trend of air quality data,knowledge of PM2.5,influence of haze,and protection of haze days.Conclusion The residents in Qingpu District had certain awareness.Health education for haze prevention and control should take the way of combining traditional media with new media,and pay attention to the pertinence of publicity knowledge.