认知-运动双重任务训练对血管性轻度认知障碍老年患者的效果

Effects of Cognitive-Motor Dual Task Training on Vascular Mild Cognitive Impairment for Old Patients

目的评价认知-运动双重任务训练对血管性轻度认知障碍(VaMCI)老年患者的效果。方法2019年3月至9月便利选取3家综合医院VaMCI老年患者76例,分为对照组(n=38)和试验组(n=38)。两组均行健康教育,试验组另行认知-运动双重任务训练,共3个月。治疗前后,采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表-北京版(MoCA-BJ)和连线测试进行评估,比较试验组干预前后1年的跌倒次数。结果对照组2例、试验组3例退出。干预后,试验组MoCA-BJ总分和各维度分除命名外,均高于对照组(|Z|>2.002,P<0.05);连线测试时间显著少于对照组(Z=-5.949,P<0.001)。干预后,试验组1年内跌倒次数明显降低(χ^2=10.080,P<0.01)。结论认知-运动双重任务训练可以改善VaMCI老年患者的总体认知功能,特别是对注意力和执行功能有明显影响,可降低跌倒风险。

Objective To explore the effect of cognitive-motor dual task training on vascular mild cognitive impairment(VaMCI)in old patients.Methods From March to September,2019,76 old patients with VaMCI in three general hospitals were divided into control group(n=38)and intervention group(n=38).All the patients accepted health education,while the intervention group accepted cognitive-motor dual task training in addition,for three months.They were assessed with Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Beijing Version(MoCA-BJ)and Trail Making Test(TMT-A)before and after intervention,and the one-year incidence of fall before and after intervention was investigated in the intervention group.Results Two cases in the control group and three cases in the intervention group dropped down.The total score and dimension scores of MoCA-BJ were more significantly in the intervention group than in the control group after intervention(|Z|>2.002,P<0.05),except the dimension of naming,while the time for TMT-A was significantly less(Z=-5.949,P<0.001).The one-year incidence of fall decreased significantly during the year after intervention(χ^2=10.080,P<0.01).Conclusion Cognitive-motor dual task training can improve the cognitive function of older VaMCI patients,especially for attention and executive function,and reduce the risk of fall.