汶川地震黑色旅游地社区居民地方感聚类研究

A Cluster Analysis of the Sense of Place of Local Residents Living in the Dark Tourism Sites of Wenchuan Earthquake

大地震后的地方重建为震区地方性问题研究提供了良好实验场所。本文以汶川地震黑色旅游地社区居民为研究对象,通过问卷调查,揭示了汶川地震黑色旅游地的地方感维度特征以及基于地方感维度的居民聚类特征与差异性特征。结果表明:地方感测试项经降维处理,延续了包含地方认同、地方依赖与地方依恋在内的三维量表特征;对地方感进行主成分因子分析,可逐步聚类为"依恋认同型""依赖依恋型""微弱依赖型"3种类型的人群,这3类人群在性别、职业及本地居住时间变量上存在显著差异;在依赖依恋型与微弱依赖型中占主导地位的人群多是在北川羌族自治县居住了10年以上且年龄18岁以下的女性学生群体,接受调研期间她们正处于小学、初中或中专学习阶段;在依恋认同型中占主导地位的人群与前两类基本一致,不同之处是接受调研期间她们正处于高中或职高学习阶段。本文希望为规划建设理想的灾后地方性空间提供一定的启示与借鉴。

The reconstruction in the aftermath of an earthquake provides a unique experimental arena for exploring issues in earthquake-stricken areas.This study investigates the sense of place of residents living in dark tourism sites related to the Great Wenchuan Earthquake of 2008.Particular interest is given to how local communities may be clustered according to their sense of place and the extent to which the identified clusters are different.The results identify three dimensions of sense of place by employing the Principal Component Analysis,including place identity,place dependence,and place attachment.This is followed by the K-Means Cluster Analysis,revealing three clusters of respondents:attachment identified with the place,dependence attached to the place,and weak bonds.The Contingency Table Analysis further suggests that the clusters differ distinctively in socio-economic profiles like gender,occupation,and length of residence.The cluster of attachment identified with the place differs slightly from clusters of dependence attached to the place and weak bonds,as the dominant groups are female respondents under 18 who have lived in Beichuan County for over ten years.The cluster of attachment identified with the place is primarily composed of senior high school students,while the latter two categories are mainly junior high school students or elementary school students.It is hoped that this study,with its practical implications,may provide insight into the planning of ideal reconstruction for earthquake-stricken areas.