黑色旅游游客体验及其类型差异性研究

Study on Tourists’Experience of Dark Tourism and the Diff erence Among Various Tourist Types

游客类型和体验是旅游研究中不可缺少的因素。本文基于以往黑色旅游概念,梳理和重新认识黑色旅游者,并以前往北川地震遗址参观的游客为对象,采用因子分析、事后分析等定量研究方法对黑色旅游游客体验及其类型差异进行测量。结果显示:(1)黑色旅游游客体验可从情感和认知两方面解释,前者涉及同情和庆幸等内容,后者涉及教育和学习等内容;(2)相对于认知体验,游客受灾难景观的强烈视觉刺激更易产生情感体验(从均值大小判断);(3)黑色旅游地能够使游客产生以同情为基调的体验,该体验及与学习相关的体验均受到游客类型的影响。本研究可为黑色旅游景区的开发和管理提供借鉴。

Tourist types and experience are indispensable factors in the research of tourism.Based on previous interpretations regarding the concept of dark tourism and disaster tourism,this study presents and rethinks the definition of dark tourism.As tourists’experience of dark tourism and the dimensions of their experience are very much affected by the tourist types they belong to,it is thus the purpose of this study to empirically explore the differences among various dark tourism visitor groups.The findings of this study may provide particular practical values for developing and managing disaster-related tourist destinations.The results show that the dark tourism experience consists of emotional and cognitive experiences.While emotional experience involves tourists’sympathy and shock at the disaster,cognitive experience is related to education and knowledge.Furthermore,the visual sight of the disaster-stricken landscape strengthens tourists’emotional experience in comparison to their cognitive experience(judging from the mean value).Finally,the dark tourism destination or landscape may largely evoke sympathy on the part of visitors.Both emotional and knowledge-related experiences are affected by the types of tourists.It is hoped that this study’s findings will provide some insight into the development and management of dark tourism sites.