基于卫星影像数据快速构建水动力水质模型研究

Research on the Rapid Construction of Hydrodynamic Water Quality Model Based on Satellite Image Data

研究提出了一种基于Google Earth遥感影像获取河道水下地形数据,并通过克里金插值法生成地形数据的方法,用于无实测地形资料地区河道水动力水质模拟。采用二维水动力水质模型分析长江干流九江河段排污口对水质的影响,将提出的方法与九江水文局2017年1∶1000实测水下地形生成的数据的计算结果进行对比:水位最大误差由0.1 m增至0.2 m,流量最大相对误差由10%增至20%,水质模拟最大相对误差由17%增至接近30%。影像数据方法误差较大,在做精细化的环境质量分析是不合适的,但在缺乏实测地形资料又需要了解水质演变趋势的快速分析中,仍可作为一种技术方法加以推广。

This research proposes a method of obtaining underwater terrain data of rivers based on Google Earth remote sensing images and using Kriging interpolation to generate terrain data for the simulation of hydrodynamic water quality of rivers in areas without measured topographical data.A two-dimensional hydrodynamic water quality model is used to analyze the effect of sewage outlets on the water quality of the Jiujiang section of the Yangtze River.The method proposed in this paper is compared with the calculation results of the Jiujiang Hydrology Bureau's 20171∶1000 measured underwater terrain:the maximum error of the water level from 0.1 m to 0.2 m,the maximum relative error of flow rate increases from 10%to 20%,and the maximum relative error of water quality simulation increases from 17%to nearly 30%.The image data method has a large error and is not suitable for detailed environmental quality analysis.However,it can still be promoted as a technical method in the rapid analysis of the lack of measured terrain data and the need to understand the evolution trend of water quality.