恒定的自然杀伤T淋巴细胞在肝脏抗肿瘤免疫中的作用与机制

The role and mechanism of invariant natural killer T cells in liver anti-tumor immunity

恒定的自然杀伤T淋巴细胞(iNKT细胞)是来源于胸腺的T淋巴细胞亚群,同时表达自然杀伤细胞相关受体和T淋巴细胞受体。iNKT细胞广泛分布于全身,在肝脏内富集,表现出独特的功能特性,可以分泌细胞因子并调节微环境其他免疫细胞活性,以达到免疫监视及预防疾病的作用,尤其是在肿瘤微环境中,iNKT细胞能够激发肝脏抗肿瘤免疫反应、逆转免疫抑制微环境状态。就iNKT细胞的生物学特性及其在肝脏免疫稳态中的特殊作用,尤其就iNKT细胞的抗肿瘤作用与机制作一综述。

Invariant natural killer T(iNKT)cells are a T lymphocyte subset derived from the thymus and can express both natural killer cell-related receptors and T cell receptor.The iNKT cells are widely distributed in the body and are enriched in the liver,and they exhibit unique functional characteristics and can secrete cytokines and regulate the activity of other immune cells in microenvironment,so as to achieve the role of immune surveillance and disease prevention;especially in tumor microenvironment,iNKT cells can stimulate anti-tumor immune response and reverse immunosuppressive microenvironment in the liver.This article reviews the biological characteristics of iNKT cells and their special role in liver immune homeostasis,especially the anti-tumor effect and mechanism of iNKT cells.