基于MATLAB的商用车平顺性优化与分析

Optimization and Analysis of Commercial Vehicle Ride Comfort Based on MATLAB

为解决传统商用车平顺性优化三要素之间隐性表达式给优化带来不便的问题、分析乘员舒适性与货物安全性对悬架参数改变的响应,提出半显性优化方法。以驾驶室振动和货箱振动加速度加权均方根值为改进目标函数、悬架动行程和车轮动载荷为约束条件,调用振动仿真模型获得目标函数评价,运用均匀设计法得出约束条件与优化变量之间的关系。应用遗传算法实现商用车平顺性优化,获取最优参数匹配,并根据驾驶室与货箱振动时域图与功率谱密度图进行对比分析。结果表明:优化后整车平顺性有明显改善,优化方法可行;货物安全性改变较乘员舒适性改变将近两倍,优化时考虑货箱振动十分必要。

In order to solve the problem caused by the implicit equation between the three elements of traditional commercial vehicle ride comfort optimization,and analyze the response of passenger comfort and goods safety to the suspension parameters change,a semi-dominant optimization method is proposed.The vibration simulation model is called to obtain the objective function evaluation,with the weighted mean square value of acceleration of the cab vibration and the goods container vibration as the improved objective function and the value of suspension working space and the wheel dynamic load as the constraint function,and the uniform design method is introduced to obtain the relationship between constraint conditions and optimization variables.Genetic algorithm is applied to improve ride comfort of commercial vehicle by obtaining optimal parameters and carry out the comparative analysis of the vibration time domain map and the power spectral density map between the cab and the goods container.The results show that the vehicle ride comfort is improved after optimization,and the method is feasible;the change value of goods safety is nearly twice as much as the change value of the passenger comfort,and it is necessary to consider the vibration of the goods container when performing ride comfort optimization.