水产饲料的蛋白源问题——提高饲料蛋白质利用率新思路

The Issue of Protein Sources of Aquafeed-A New Approach to Improve Utilization Efficiency of Feed Protein

提高饲料蛋白质利用率对促进水产养殖业可持续发展具有重要意义。鉴于鱼粉是水产饲料最好的蛋白源,所以文章分析比较鱼粉和其他饲料蛋白源组成的主要差异,发现牛磺酸、羟脯氨酸和维生素D_3等对提高非鱼粉蛋白源饲料的蛋白质利用率作用显著,而一些植物蛋白源的抗营养因子降低饲料蛋白质利用率;同时,深入探讨了影响鱼体蛋白质沉积潜力的内在因素,提出了激活水产动物mTOR信号通路和/或消除其抑制因素,提高饲料蛋白质利用率的新思路,开发新技术,并进行实践应用。

Improving the utilization efficiency of feed protein such as fish meal is of great significance to the sustainable development of aquaculture.In view of the fact that fish meal is the best protein source for aquafeed,the main differences between fishmeal and other feed protein sources were compared and analyzed.It was found that taurine,hydroxyproline and vitamin D3 played a significant role in improving the protein utilization efficiency of non-fishmeal protein source feed,while antinutritional factors in plant protein sources reduced the protein utilization of feed.At the same time,the internal factors that affect the protein deposition potential of fish were discussed,so as to put forward new ideas to activate mTOR signaling pathway and/or eliminate its inhibitory factors to improve the utilization rate of feed protein.New technologies have been developed and applied in practice.