外泌体在肺部炎症性疾病中的研究进展

Research progress on exosomes in pulmonary inflammatory diseases

外泌体为可由多种细胞分泌的纳米级双层膜囊泡,且存在于人体不同的体液中。外泌体可通过携带DNA、RNA、蛋白质和脂质等物质至受体细胞进行细胞间的信息交流。此外,外泌体具有多种功能,可参与至抗原提呈、免疫激活、免疫抑制等免疫调节过程中。近年来,越来越多的研究指出外泌体在一些肺部炎症性疾病的发病进展中发挥着重要的作用,如:慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)、哮喘等,且与一些肺部炎症性疾病的诊断及其分期呈现相关关系,如COPD等,故外泌体可望作为这些疾病的新型诊断标志物及生物治疗靶点。本文将对外泌体在一些肺部炎症性疾病中的研究进展做一介绍。

Exosomes are nanoscale bilayer vesicles which can be secreted by many kinds of cells and exist in different body fluids.Exosomes can carry DNA,RNA,protein,lipid and other substances to receptor cells for information exchange between cells.In addition,exosomes have a variety of functions,which can participate in antigen presentation,immune activation,immunosuppression and other immune regulatory processes.In recent years,more and more studies have pointed out that exosomes play important roles in the pathogenesis of some pulmonary inflammatory diseases,such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and asthma;moreover,they are also correlated with the diagnosis and staging of some pulmonary inflammatory diseases,such as COPD.Therefore,exosomes are expected to be a new diagnostic marker and target of biotherapy for these diseases.This article will introduce the research progress on exosomes in some inflammatory lung diseases.