链接与断裂:小农户与互联网市场衔接机制研究——以农村电商的生产经营实践为例

Linking and Breaking:A Study on the Linkage Mechanism between Small Farmers and the Internet Market:Taking the Business Practice of Rural E-commerce as an Example

本文运用田野调查等质性研究方法,从微观层面探究从事农村电商的小农户与互联网市场的关系。农村电商使小农户具备了链接互联网市场的能力和途径、增加了收入、复兴了乡土手工业、缓解了农村的发展困局,在一定程度上重构了城乡关系。调查发现,随着农村电商的转型,在产业要素配置效率日渐失衡、农村营商环境的内在局限性和互联网市场游戏规则驯化的共同作用下,小农户与互联网市场的关系逐渐趋于断裂。电商村出现大批量小农户退出互联网市场和农村资源流失的现象,农村再次陷入原有的发展困境。因此,如何发挥政府的治理作用,并为农村电商的持续发展提供有效的公共服务,成为基层乡村治理的新任务和新挑战。

Using the qualitative research method of field investigation,this paper studies the relationship between small farmers engaged in rural e-commerce and the Internet market from the perspective of micro level.Rural e-commerce enables small farmers to link to the Internet market,increases their income,revives the local handicraft industry,reconstructs the relationship between urban and rural areas to a certain extent,and alleviates the rural development dilemma.However,the study found that with the transformation of rural e-commerce,the relationship between small farmers and the Internet market was gradually broken due to the combined effects of the imbalance of industrial factor allocation efficiency,the inherent limitations of rural business environment and the domestication of game rules in the Internet market.In e-commerce villages,a large number of small farmers withdraw from the Internet market and rural resources are lost,which makes rural areas fall into the original development dilemma again.Therefore,how to play the role of the government and provide effective public services for the sustainable development of rural e-commerce has become a new task and challenge for grassroots governance.