集体经营性建设用地制度:改革逻辑与未来走向——基于不完全产权-租值耗散的理论分析

The System of Collective Operating Construction Land:Reform Logic and Future Trend——Based on the Theoretical Analysis of Incomplete Property Rights-rent Dissipation

农村集体经营性建设用地制度改革,有助于建立城乡统一的建设用地市场和推进乡村振兴战略。从不完全产权-租值耗散理论分析和集体经营性建设用地制度改革历程梳理发现,改革开放以来我国集体经营性建设用地经历了全面管控、增减挂钩和直接入市三个阶段,并呈现出改革目的从低效向高效转变,改革动力从管控价格向市场价格转变,改革内容从法律产权向经济产权转变,改革成效从政府垄断向还权于民转变等四大特征;整个改革的逻辑是在产权结构和产权行为的双轮推动下从租值耗散到耗散收敛最终达到租值优化的过程。集体经营性建设用地制度的未来改革应进一步健全产权运行的相关机制,避免产权主体虚置,保障与提高产权主体决策的自主性,完善出让收益权的顶层设计。

The reform of the rural collective operating construction land system will help establish a unified urban and rural construction land market and promote the strategy of rural revitalization.From the theoretical analysis of incomplete property rights-rent value dissipation and the review of the reform process of the collective operating construction land system,we found that since the reform and opening up,my country’s collective operating construction land has gone through three stages of comprehensive management and control,linkage of increase and decrease,and direct market entry.At the same time,it also shows the four major characteristics of the transformation of the purpose of reform from inefficiency to high efficiency,the transformation of reform motivation from price control to market price,the transformation of reform content from legal property rights to economic property rights,and the transformation of reform effectiveness from government monopoly to return of power to the people.The logic of the whole reform is the process from rent dissipation to dissipation convergence and finally to rent optimization under the two-round promotion of property rights structure and property rights behavior.The future reform of the collective operating construction land system should further improve the relevant mechanisms for the operation of property rights,avoid the vacancy of the property rights subject,ensure and improve the decision-making autonomy of the property rights subject,and improve the top-level design of the transfer of income rights.