流域治理视角下的国土空间规划探讨——以大理白族自治州国土空间规划为例

National Land and Space Planning from the Perspective of Watershed Governance: The Case of Daili Bai Ethnicity Autonomous State

文章通过对流域治理概念及理念的辨析,指出传统规划编制存在规划范围难以体现流域治理要求、对流域整体资源环境的考虑不足、对流域上下游和内外空间布局的协调不足及生态保护与修复缺乏系统性的问题,并相应提出流域治理视角下的4个规划要点:建立流域与事权关系对应的规划范围,识别流域资源环境短板并进行容量预测,统筹优化流域国土空间开发保护格局,以流域为单元进行生态、人文格局保护与系统修复。同时,以大理白族自治州国土空间规划为例,通过分析洱海流域生态环境问题,提出“控、导、修”结合的规划思路,并对流域治理视角下国土空间规划编制的技术要点进行了详细阐述。

Based on an analysis of the concept and idea of watershed governance,the paper concludes the weakness of traditional planning in resource and environmental consideration,spatial coordination between upstream and downstream,and systematicness of preservation and rehabilitation.It puts forwards four measures in planning:clarifying watershed planning area with correspondent power of right;identifying environmental weakness and predicting ecological carrying capacity;integrating and improving watershed land-space pattern;repairing ecological and cultural system.With Dali Bai ethnicity autonomous state as an example,the paper analyzes the ecological problems of Erhai lake watershed,puts forwards planning concept of“control,guidance,and renovation”,and discusses technical points of national land and space planning from the perspective of watershed governance.