数字资本主义批判和重建无产阶级集体性--21世纪国外马克思主义新趋势探析

Critique of Digital Capitalism and Reconstruction of Proletariat Collectivity--Research on New Tendency of 21st Century Western Marxism

21世纪的最初二十年里,国际局势风云变幻。世界并没有迎来新自由主义神话的美好明天,相反陷入了一个僵局。这不仅意味着三十多年前以弗朗西斯·福山为代表的保守主义的"历史终结论"的终结,更为重要的是,资本主义在这二十年里进入一个新的阶段--数字资本主义阶段。在这个阶段,数字平台已经成为主要的生产方式,而资本主义采用更为灵活的奖金模式来剥削无产阶级的流众。数字资本主义的这些变化,迫使马克思主义必须实现转变,当代国外马克思主义的理论家们开始意识到,在个体性的意识形态的支配框架下,马克思主义必须要重新发明集体性,而重新发明无产阶级集体性的关键在于重建新的无产阶级政党,只有新政党才能将无产阶级凝聚起来,成为抵抗资本主义社会的可靠力量。

In the first two decades of the 21st century, the international situation has been changed. The world has not ushered in the bright future of the neo-liberalism myth, on the contrary, it has fallen into a deadlock. This not only means the end of the conservatism "the end of history", which represented by Francis Fukuyama more than 30 years ago, but more importantly, capitalism has entered a new stage in these two decades-- the stage of digital capitalism. In this stage, digital platforms have become the main mode of production, and capitalism has adopted a more flexible bonus model to exploit the proletariat. These changes in digital capitalism have forced Marxism to change. Contemporary foreign Marxist theorists have begun to realize that under the domination of individual ideology, Marxism must reinvent the collectivity and invent the proletariat. The key to collectivity lies in the reconstruction of a new proletarian party. Only the new party can unite the proletariat and become a reliable force against capitalist society.