JAK2/STAT3作为新型抗癌药物靶点的研究进展

Research Progress of JAK2/STAT3 Served as a Novel Anticancer Drug Target

相对于常规化疗而言,靶向药物治疗能够更好地区分正常细胞和肿瘤细胞,进而在不损伤正常细胞的前提下,特异性杀死肿瘤细胞。作为由细胞因子刺激的信号转导通路,Janus激酶/信号转导和转录激活因子(Janus kinases/signal transducer and activator of transcription,JAK/STAT)信号通路参与了许多重要的生物学过程,如细胞增殖、分化及免疫调节等。JAK2/STAT3信号通路是JAK/STAT信号通路的重要组成部分,被证实在多种肿瘤细胞中过度激活,特别是在一些实体瘤细胞中,因而有望成为新型抗癌药物靶点。基于此,综述了JAK2/STAT3信号通路分子在肝癌、乳腺癌及胰腺癌中的作用,并从JAK2/STAT3信号通路分子参与肿瘤细胞的增殖、诱导凋亡以及介导肿瘤细胞的侵袭和转移等角度进行了阐述,以期为提高癌症精准治疗的效果提供理论指导,并为癌症治疗开辟新的途径。

Compared with conventional chemotherapy,targeted drug therapy can better distinguish normal cells from tumor cells,and then kill tumor cells more specifically without damaging normal cells.As a signal transduction pathway stimulated by cytokines,Janus kinases/signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK/STAT)signaling pathway is involved in many important biological processes,such as cell proliferation,differentiation and immune regulation.JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway is an important component of JAK/STAT signaling pathway,which has been proved to be over-activated in a variety of tumor cells,particularly in some solid tumor cells,so it is expected to become a new target of anticancer drugs.Based on this,the roles of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway molecules in liver cancer,breast cancer and pancreatic cancer were reviewed,and then expounded from the perspectives of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway molecules participating in tumor cell proliferation,inducing apoptosis and mediating invasion and metastasis,so as to provide theoretical guidance for improving the effect of cancer precision therapy and open up new approaches for cancer treatment.