西藏雪域高原‘华硕'苹果栽培技术

Cultivation Technique of'Huashuo'Apple in Milin Farm of Tibet

位于西藏雪域高原东南部的林芝市被誉为“西藏江南”,境内有雅鲁藏布江与尼洋河,优良的生态自然条件适于苹果种植。林芝市米林农场位于雅鲁藏布江与尼洋河的交汇处,种植的‘华硕’苹果在西藏极具代表性,早熟果大酸甜适口耐贮藏。其栽培要点是秋季按20%~30%,的树量配置4〜8种授粉品种种植SH系矮砧苗,第1年以扶干促旺多长条为主,第2年以壮干促枝控侧枝为主,做好树干修剪整形、水肥和病虫害管控工作;第3年及以后各年以壮树促花稳果为主,做好授粉、疏花疏果和果枝培养等工作。适时采收,收后注意保鲜贮藏,提高经济收益。

Nyingchi City,located in the southeast of Tibet's Snowy Region Plateau,is known as the'the southern part of Yangzi'in Tibet.It has the Yarlung Zangbo River and the Niyang River,and its excellent ecological natural conditions are suitable for apple cultivation.Milin Farm is located in Nyingchi City,at the confluence of the Yarlung Zangbo River and the Niyang River.'Huashuo'apple grown in Milin Farm is very representative in Tibet.The apple has the advantage of early mature,large fruit,palatability of sweet and sour taste and durability in storage.The main point of its cultivation is to plant SH series dwarf stock seedlings with 4 to 8 pollinated varieties according to 20%to 30%of the tree amount in autumn.The first year of work is mainly to select and support strong tree trunks.In the second year,the main work was to strengthen trunk,promote branch and control lateral branch.At the same time,the apple trees should be pruned and shaped,fertilized,and pests.Focus on strong trees,promote flowers and stabilize fruits,and do a good job in pollination,flower thinning and fruit branch cultivation in the third year and in the following years.Apples are harvested in a proper time,and the apples harvested should pay attention to preservation and storage to improve economic benefits.