制度环境、动态能力对企业创业行为影响——基于北京新能源汽车股份有限公司的纵向案例研究

Institutional Environment,Dynamic Capabilities and the Entrepreneurs Behavior—A Longitudinal Case Study of BJEV

制度理论和动态能力理论具有丰富的理论内涵,可以为创业行为提供很好的理论解释,但现有研究对两者间的内在联系及其对创业行为的作用机理研究不足。本研究从创业者视角构建制度环境、动态能力对企业创业行为影响框架,对北汽新能源开展了纵向案例研究。研究发现:制度环境动态演进驱动了动态能力的形成与提升,而动态能力在提高企业对制度环境做出动态反应的同时,也不断得到自我强化;动态能力有助于企业快速识评机会,形成与机会相匹配的资源、能力基础并持续进行动态调整,实现机会利用;制度环境及其演进为企业提供了创业机会来源并降低了环境不确定性,企业能否利用制度机会的关键在于形成与制度环境演进相匹配的动态能力。

Institutional theory and dynamic capabilities theory have abundant theoretical connotations,each offering valuable insights for entrepreneurship,but there is an overlooked void in the literature is the analysis of these two theories jointly to bridge the divide between them for their fruitful application in entrepreneurship.By associating institutional theory and dynamic theory,we construct a theory framework of Institutional Environment,Dynamic Capabilities and the Entrepreneurs’Behavior,then conduct a deep longitudinal case study of BJEC,which is the typical representative of the new-energy vehicle industry.The findings of this paper are as follows:(1)the institutional environment and its evolution drives the formation and promotion of dynamic capabilities,dynamic capabilities help the new ventures to response to the dynamic institutional environment and reinforced by itself;(2)dynamic capabilities help the new ventures to recognize and evaluate the entrepreneurial opportunity,construct the resource base matching opportunities continuously and gain competitive advantages;(3)the institutional environment and its evolution provide entrepreneurial opportunities and reduce uncertainties,but weather the new ventures can utilize the institutional opportunities depends on their dynamic capabilities matching to the institutional environment.These insights not only have important theoretical meaning,but also have practical implication for the government to make institutional arrangements and new ventures to realize the opportunity utilization.