两系特种稻新品种紫两优737的选育与应用

Breeding and Application of New Two-line Special Rice Variety Ziliangyou 737

【目的】充分挖掘和利用珍贵的紫黑米资源,加强特种稻种质资源创新,扩大紫黑米特种稻的种植面积,满足消费者对健康饮食的需求。【方法】2014年春,以福建省农业科学院水稻研究所最新育成的种皮紫黑色、籼糯品质的两用核不育系紫392S与自育紫糯恢复系福恢737测交配组,育成两系特种稻新组合紫两优737,2014—2016年在福建、云南、江西和安徽等地进行品比试验,2017年、2018年参加云南省国有资本运营金鼎禾朴农业科技有限公司自主组织的特殊用途紫米组区域试验和生产试验,2018年、2019年参加福建省晚稻特种稻组区域试验。【结果】紫两优737在2014—2016年多地品比试验中,平均产量均在7500.0 kg·hm^-2以上。在2017年、2018年云南省特殊用途紫米组区域试验中,平均生育期161.3 d、株高97.0 cm、有效穗数286.5万穗·hm^-2、穗长22.9cm、每穗总粒数179.9粒、结实率72.1%、千粒重24.9 g、直链淀粉含量2.6%,两年区域试验平均产量分别为7564.2 kg·hm^-2和7569.3 kg·hm^-2,分别比对照癸能紫米增产148.0%和156.2%;2018年生产试验平均产量7964.7kg·hm^-2,比对照增癸能紫米增产169.2%。2019年通过云南省农作物品种审定委员会审定(滇审稻2019004号)。在2018年、2019年福建省晚稻特种稻组区域试验中,平均生育期123.0 d、有效穗数244.5万穗·hm^-2、株高108.4 cm、穗长23.7 cm、每穗总粒数172.4粒、结实率79.33%、千粒重24.7 g、直链淀粉含量2.1%,两年区域试验平均产量分别为7475.6 kg·hm^-2和7535.4 kg·hm^-2,分别比对照宜优673减产4.39%和3.26%。2020年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定(闽审稻20200067)。【结论】紫两优737应用前景较好,具有综合农艺性状优、杂种优势强、丰产稳产性好、适应性广、糙米种皮紫黑色、胚乳糯性、稻米品质优、食用口感好等特点,可在福建省和云南省海拔1450 m以下及相似生态区的杂交籼稻区域作特种稻品种种植。

【Objective】To fully exploit and utilize precious purple-black rice resources,strengthen the innovation of special rice resources,expand the planting area of purple-black special rice,and satisfy people’s demand for healthy diet.【Method】A new two-line special rice variety Ziliangyou 737 was cross bred from Zi 392 S,a indica glutinous Dual-purpose Genic Male Sterile(DGMS)line with purple-black seed coat developed by Rice Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Fuhui 737,a self-breeding purple glutinous restorer line in the spring of 2014.The comprehensive trait performances of Ziliangyou 737 were investigated in variety comparative test during 2014-2016 in Fujian,Yunnan,Jiangxi and Anhui.During 2017-2018,it was recommended to join in the regional trial and production trial of the special-purpose purple rice groups independently organized by Yunnan State-owned Capital Operation Jinding Hepu Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.And during 2018-2019,it was recommended to join in the regional trials of late-cropping special rice groups in Fujian in order to evaluate its comprehensive traits.【Result】The average yields of Ziliangyou 737 during 2014-2016 in Fujian,Yunnan,Jiangxi,Anhui and other local product comparative tests were more than 7500.0 kg·hm^-2;In the regional trial of special-purpose purple rice group in Yunnan in 2017-2018,the growth period was about 161 days,the plant height was 97.0 cm,the effective panicles were 191,000 per 667 m2,the ear length was 22.9 cm,the total grains per ear were 179.9,the seed setting rate was 72.1%,1000-grain weight was 24.9 g,the amylose content was 2.6%,the average yields of the regional trials were 7564.2 kg·hm^-2 and 7569.3 kg·hm^-2 respectively,increased by 148.0%and 156.2%compared to control Guineng purple rice;the average yields of the 2018 production trial was 7964.7 kg·hm^-2,increased by 169.2%compared to control Guineng purple rice;it was approved by the Yunnan Crop Variety Appraisal Committee in 2019(Dianshendao 2019004).In the regional trials of the late rice special rice group in Fujian Province in 2018 and 2019,the growth period was about 123 days,the effective panicles were 163000 per 667 m2,the plant height was 108.4 cm,the panicle length was 23.7 cm,and grain number per panicle was 172.4,the seed setting rate was 79.33%,1000-grain weight was 24.7 g,amylose content was 2.1%,the regional average yields was 7475.6 kg/hm2 and 7,535.4 kg/hm2 respectively,decreased by 4.39%and 3.26%compared to control Yiyou 673,it was approved by the Fujian Crop Variety Appraisal Committee in 2020(Minshendao 20200067).【Conclusion】Ziliangyou 737 has promising application prospects,with excellent comprehensive agronomic traits,strong heterosis,high yield stability,wide adaptability,deep purple brown rice seed coat,waxy endosperm,excellent rice quality,especially good food taste and other characteristics.It can be promoted as special rice in the hybrid indica rice area below 1450 meters above sea level in Fujian and Yunnan provinces and other similar ecological regions.