艾森豪威尔政府与美国在意大利的核部署

Eisenhower Administration and American Nuclear Deployment in Italy

艾森豪威尔上台后,以“大规模报复”战略为新的对外战略指针,开始大规模向海外部署核武器。与联邦德国和法国不同,美国同意大利的核存储谈判进展顺利,并于1956年在意大利存储第一批核元件。然而,意大利拥有核武的热情并未就此熄灭,一方面积极推动与联邦德国和法国合作研发核武器,一方面敦促美国在意部署中程弹道导弹。意大利宽松的国内舆论环境也为美意双方最终达成导弹部署协议提供了条件。

After Eisenhower came to power,he began to deploy nuclear weapons abroad on a large scale with the strategy of“massive retaliation”.Unlike the cases with Germany and France,negotiations between the U.S.and Italy on atomic stockpile went smoothly,and the first nuclear components were stored in 1956.However,the storage did not dampen Italy s enthusiasm for nuclear weapons.On the one hand,it actively promoted cooperation with Germany and France in the research and development of nuclear weapons.On the other hand,it urged the U.S.to deploy the IRMB.Italy s favorable domestic public opinion also provided conditions for the U.S.and Italy to finally reach a missile deployment agreement.