China’s Manufacturing Outlook towards 2035

面向2035年的中国制造业高质量发展

Over the past seven decades since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949,China has emerged as the factory floor of the world.Manufacturing prowess has undergirded China’s industrial growth,competitiveness,and leading-nation status.The Fifth Plenum of the 19th CPC Central Committee vowed to“basically complete newtype industrialization,ICT revolution,urbanization,and agricultural modernization and build a modern economic system by 2035.”To achieve this goal,China must steadfastly advance supply-side structural reforms,strengthen the real economy,develop advanced manufacturing,and upgrade traditional industries.China must create a stable and competitive supply chain and enhance the dynamism of market entities.At the heart of these priorities lies innovation.In conclusion,this paper puts forth policy recommendations on China’s manufacturing strength and competitiveness towards 2035.Specifically,China should leverage its market heft and“whole-nation”strength to push forward industrial transition,deepen market-based factor allocation reforms,encourage entrepreneurship,and embrace international cooperation and competition.

新中国成立70年多来,制造业发展取得举世瞩目的成就,发展规模世界第一、创新能力显著提高、产业结构持续优化、优质企业快速崛起、开放水平不断提升,从而为加快推动我国工业化和现代化进程、提升国际竞争力、建成世界大国形成重要支撑。党的十九届五中全会提出,2035年“基本实现新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化,建成现代化经济体系”,这要求必须紧紧抓住供给侧结构性改革这一主线,坚持把做实做强做优实体经济作为主攻方向。从制造业领域来看,就是坚持把创新摆在发展全局的核心位置,加快发展先进制造业、以更大力度推进传统产业转型升级,注重提升产业链供应链稳定性与竞争力,大力增强市场主体活力与发展能力。在此基础上,本文从依托超大规模市场优势牵引转型升级、发挥新型举国体制优势构建制造业创新体系、深化要素市场化配置改革、激发和弘扬企业家精神、以高水平对外开放打造国际合作和竞争新优势等角度,提出了面向2035年推进制造业高质量发展、建设制造强国的对策与建议。