平原河网地表水空间分布特征——以嘉兴市为例

Characteristics of Spatial Distribution of Surface Water in Plain River Networks—Taking Jiaxing City as an Example

以布设在嘉兴市主要水系32个水质自动监测站2019年水质监测数据为基础,综合运用主成分分析和聚类分析等多元统计分析方法,对嘉兴市平原河网地表水的空间分布特征进行分析。结果表明,主成分分析表明嘉兴市平原河网地表水主要受总磷、氨氮、总氮等指标的影响,pH、溶解氧、电导率、高锰酸盐指数等指标的影响较小。聚类分析表明嘉兴市平原河网水系主要分为3类,第1类以澜溪塘为代表的河道,水质较好;第2类为南部排入钱塘江、东部排入黄浦江、中部环嘉兴市区河道,水质次之;第3类为西部和北部入境河道,水质最差;聚类分析结果与主成分综合评判结果基本一致。

Based on the water quality monitoring data of 32 automatic water quality monitoring stations deployed in the main water systems of Jiaxing City in 2019,the spatial distribution characteristics of surface water in plain river networks of Jiaxing City were discussed by using the methods of principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis(CA).PCA showed that surface water in plain river networks of Jiaxing City was mainly affected by total phosphorus,ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen.pH,dissolved oxygen,conductivity and permanganate index had little influence.CA showed that the plain river networks of Jiaxing City were mainly divided into three clusters.The first cluster was the river represented by Lanxitang River,with good water quality;the second cluster was discharged into Qiantang River in the south,discharged into Huangpu River in the East and around Jiaxing Rivers in the middle,followed by water quality;the third cluster was imported river in the west and the north,with the worst water quality.The results of CA were basically consistent with the results of PCA evaluation.