沥青路面铺设VOCs排放特征及风险评估

Emission characteristics and health risk assessment of VOCs from asphalt pavement construction

为探究沥青路面铺设VOCs的排放特征、气味效应及毒性作用,分别对沥青路面不同铺设阶段排放的VOCs进行监测.结果显示,沥青路面铺设排放的VOCs组成以烷烃､烯烃和芳香烃为主,检出的65种VOCs浓度范围为46.69~2179μg/m^3,按照铺路流程依次降低,为路面摊铺>路面压实>路面冷却>路面常温服役,其特征VOCs为十一烷､正戊烷､丙烯､甲苯､邻二甲苯､间二甲苯､对二甲苯､甲基丙烯酸甲酯､乙酸正丁酯;芳香烃是影响沥青路面铺设臭气指数的主要污染物;沥青路面铺设VOCs致癌风险指数范围为1.89×10^-6~5.35×10^-5,主要贡献物为苯､乙苯2种致癌组分,存在较大的潜在致癌风险.

Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)at different stages of asphalt pavement construction were monitored for the sake of studying its emission characteristics,odor effect and toxicity.The results showed that 65kinds of VOCs concentration ranged from 46.69μg/m^3 to 2179μg/m^3,the characteristic components of which were alkanes,alkenes and aromatics.The VOCs concentration was in a gradual decrease in the asphalt pavement construction process which was arranged in the following order:pavement paving>pavement compaction>pavement cooling>pavement in use at normal temperature.And the characteristic components comprised undecane,n-pentane,propylene,toluene,o-xylene,m-xylene,p-xylene,methyl methacrylate,n-butyl acetate.Aromatics contributed mainly to the odor of asphalt pavement construction.Besides,there was a large potential cancer risk for benzene and ethylbenzene,whose lifetime cancer risk(LCR)values ranged from 1.89×10^-6~5.35×10^-5.