投加填料对微生物群落结构的影响及对水质的变化研究

Effect of dosing suspended fillers on microbial community structure and investigation on variation in water quality

通过向传统活性污泥处理系统中投加悬浮填料形成了MBBR工艺,该工艺实现了悬浮生长的活性污泥法和附着生长的生物膜法的优点叠加,是污水处理厂的一种廉价､高效的提标改造方式.对西安市第四污水处理厂改造前后不同季节处理生活污水的效果进行了对比研究,以及对提标前后污水处理工艺中脱氮相关菌群结构的变化进行了分析,结果表明:提标改造后生物池出水水质达到了一级A标准,其中氨氮浓度下降了0.44~1.29mg/L,总氮浓度下降了4.93~5.60mg/L,COD去除率达到了92%以上;经过高通量分析,系统脱氮相关的微生物丰富度增加,微生物多样性增加,系统中有Phaeodactylibacter､Comamonas､Nitrospira､Terrimonas､Dokdonella､Thermomonas､Ignavibacterium等十余种与脱氮相关的优势菌属,Nitrospira在MBBR工艺中大量富集达到4.9%,脱氮相关菌属占比达到了19.29%,有效的促进了系统的脱氮.

The MBBR process formed by adding suspended fillers to the traditional activated sludge treatment system realizes the combination of the advantages of the suspended activated sludge and the biofilm.It is a cheap and efficient sewage treatment plant upgrading method.This article compares the effects of treatments of domestic sewage in different seasons,as well as the changes in the structure of the related flora in the sewage treatment system before and after the transformation of the Xi’an Fourth Sewage Treatment Plant.The results of the study show that the effluent quality of the treatment system after the upgrading transformation reached the first-level A standard,in which the concentration of ammonia nitrogen dropped by 0.44~1.29mg/L,the concentration of total nitrogen dropped by 4.93~5.60mg/L,and the and the COD removal rate reached more than 92%.Based on high-throughput analysis,the richness of the microorganisms related to denitrification in the system,and the diversity of the microorganisms both increased.The system had more than ten genus of bacteria related to denitrification,such as Phaeodactylibacter,Comamonas,Nitrospira,Terrimonas,Dokdonella,Thermomonas,Ignavibacterium,etc.In the MBBR process,Nitrospira was enriched in a large amount to 4.9%,and the proportion of denitrification-related bacteria reached 19.29%,which effectively promoted the system's denitrification.