中国沙棘果油和中亚沙棘果油的理化特性及活性成分分析

Physicochemical properties and active components in oils from H.rhamnoides subsp.sinensis and H.rhamnoides subsp.turkestanica berry

以中国沙棘果、中亚沙棘果为原料,采用溶剂法提取沙棘果油,对沙棘果油的理化特性及活性成分进行了测定分析,结合主成分分析法,对不同沙棘果油建立分类模型,并确定其差异组分。结果表明:中亚沙棘果的含油量高于中国沙棘果;中国沙棘果油和中亚沙棘果油中的总酚含量、总类胡萝卜素含量、过氧化值、碘值、皂化值、酸价和色泽存在显著差异;中国沙棘果油脂肪酸组成以棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸为主,中亚沙棘果油脂肪酸组成以棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸为主;沙棘果油中含量最高的植物甾醇是β-谷甾醇。研究表明,气质联用技术结合化学计量学能够直观地区分中国沙棘和中亚沙棘,可为沙棘分类、质量控制和溯源提供参考。

With H.rhamnoides subsp.sinensis and H.rhamnoides subsp.turkestanica berry as raw materials,sea buckthorn berry oils were extracted by solvent method and their physicochemical properties and active components were analyzed.Combined with the principal component analysis(PCA)method,the classification model was established,and the differential components were determined.The results showed that the oil content of H.rhamnoides subsp.turkestanica berry was higher than that of H.rhamnoides subsp.sinensis berry.There were significant differences between the total phenol content,the total carotenoid content,peroxide value,iodine value,saponification value,acid value and color in H.rhamnoides subsp.sinensis berry oil and H.rhamnoides subsp.turkestanica berry oil.The main fatty acids of H.rhamnoides subsp.sinensis berry oil were palmitic acid,stearic acid,oleic acid and linoleic acid.The main fatty acids of H.rhamnoides subsp.turkestanica berry oil were palmitic acid,palmitoleic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid and linolenic acid.The highest phytosterol content wasβ-sitosterol.GC-MS/PCA could intuitively distinguish different subspecies of H.rhamnoides subsp.sinensis and H.rhamnoides subsp.turkestanica,which could provide a reference for classification,quality control and authenticity recognition of sea buckthorn.