老年2型糖尿病患者慢性并发症的影响因素研究

Influencing factors of chronic complications in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

目的探讨老年2型糖尿病患者慢性并发症的影响因素。方法选择2017年3月-2020年3月就诊的老年2型糖尿病患者120例为研究对象,所有患者均完成有关检查,根据是否发生慢性并发症分为发生组(n=35例)和未发生组(n=85例)。查阅2组病历资料,记录患者性别、年龄、血压、血脂、家族史、住院次数、BMI水平、婚姻状况及职业等,并完成单因素、多因素Logistic分析。结果 120例老年2型糖尿病患者中35例发生慢性并发症,发生率为29.17%。慢性并发症发生率前三位的分别为:心血管病变、脑血管病变及周围血管并发症,分别占:34.29%,28.57%及17.14%;单因素分析结果表明:老年2型糖尿病患者慢性并发症与年龄、血压(舒张压、收缩压)、血脂(TC、TG)、BMI水平相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析,影响老年2型糖尿病患者慢性并发症的原因是年龄高、血压(舒张压、收缩压)高、血脂(TC、TG)高、BMI水平高(P<0.05)。结论老年2型糖尿病患者并发症发生率较高,且影响因素较多,其中年龄大、血压高、血脂高、BMI水平高是其主要危险因素,应采取相应的措施给予干预,降低并发症发生率。

Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of chronic complications in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 120 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes from March 2017 to March 2020 in the community health service station of our town were selected as the research objects.All patients completed the relevant examination and were divided into the occurrence group(n=35 cases) and the non occurrence group(n=85 cases) according to whether there were chronic complications.The data of the two groups were reviewed.The patients’ gender,age,blood pressure,blood lipid,family history,hospitalization times,BMI level,marital status and occupation were recorded.The univariate and multivariate logistic analysis was completed,and the corresponding intervention measures were taken according to the possible influencing factors.Results 35 of 120 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes developed chronic complications,the incidence rate was 29.17%.The top three chronic complications were cardiovascular disease,cerebrovascular disease and peripheral vascular complications,accounting for 34.29%,28.57% and 17.14%,respectively;Univariate analysis showed that the incidence of chronic complications was related to age,blood pressure(DBP,SBP),blood lipids(TC,TG),BMI,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the factors influencing the incidence of chronic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were high age,high blood pressure(diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure),high blood lipid(TC,TG)and high BMI,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of complications in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes is high,and there are many influencing factors.Among them,high age,high blood pressure,high blood lipid and high BMI are the main factors affecting the increase of chronic complications in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Corresponding measures should be taken according to the influencing factors to reduce the incidence of complications.