2019年常州市钟楼区儿童青少年近视状况分析

Analysis of myopia status among children and adolescents in Zhonglou District of Changzhou City in 2019

目的了解2019年钟楼区儿童青少年近视现状,为青少年近视综合防控工作提供基础依据。方法使用分层整群随机抽样方法,选择钟楼区9所学校共2511名儿童青少年,开展远视力检查和屈光检测。结果检出近视学生1559人,总体近视率达62.09%,女生近视率(66.75%)高于男生近视率(57.50%)(χ^2=22.782,P<0.01);不同学段之间近视率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=813.8,P<0.01);随着年级升高,近视率呈升高趋势(χ趋势^2=31.82,P=0.007);轻度近视构成比随着年级增高而降低,中重度近视构成比随着年级增高而增高;近视率随着年龄的增加而升高,13岁之后趋于平稳。结论钟楼区近视率处于较高水平,应根据发病特点,关注近视重点对象和关键因素,采取针对性的防控措施。

Objective To understand the current situation of myopia in children and adolescents in Zhonglou District in 2019,so as to provide the basis for comprehensive prevention and control of juvenile myopia.Methods A total of 2511 children and adolescents from 9 schools in Zhonglou District were selected by stratified cluster random sampling method to carry out far vision examination and refractive test.Results There were 1559 students with myopia,and the overall myopia rate was 62.09%.The myopia rate of female students(66.75%)was higher than that of male students(57.50%)(χ^2=22.782,P<0.001).There was a significant difference in myopia rate among different stages(χ^2=813.8).With the increase of grade,the myopia rate showed an increasing trend(χtrend^2=31.82,P=0.007);the constituent ratio of mild myopia decreased with the increase of grade,while that of moderate and severe myopia increased with the increase of grade;the myopia rate increased with the increase of age,and tended to be stable after 13 years old.Conclusion The myopia rate in children and adolescents in Zhonglou District is at a high level.We should pay attention to the key objects and key factors of myopia according to the characteristics of the disease,and take targeted prevention and control measures.