自然资源禀赋、技术进步方式与绿色经济增长——基于中国省级面板数据的经验研究

Natural resource endowment,path selection of technological progress,and green economic growth:An empirical research based on China’s provincial panel data

绿色经济增长的核心要义是资源节约和环境改善基础上的经济增长。当前中国经济增长中存在的一个普遍事实是,自然资源丰富的地区往往面临更为严峻的资源和环境问题;因此,这些地区在绿色增长方面的表现也相对较差。本文在梳理以往研究文献的基础上,通过"自然资源禀赋—技术进步方式—绿色增长"这一脉络对自然资源禀赋通过技术进步方式影响绿色增长的逻辑进行理论辨析;然后,在数据包络分析框架下,采用全局参比的非径向方向距离函数方法,构建并测度省级层面绿色增长效率的衡量指标,并以此为基础构建面板数据样本;最后,结合样本数据特点和理论逻辑构建计量模型,分析中国自然资源禀赋通过不同的技术进步方式影响绿色增长效率的情况。得出以下结论:①自然资源禀赋抑制了地区绿色增长效率的提升;②自然资源禀赋对创新这一技术进步方式具有挤出效应的同时,对技术引进具有增进效应;③创新有利于地区绿色增长效率,而技术引进则不利于地区绿色增长效率提升。本文的研究将对自然资源丰富地区节约资源和改善环境,实现绿色高质量发展具有理论和现实意义。

The core of green economic growth is high-speed economic growth based on resource conservation and environmental improvement.A common phenomenon in China’s economic growth presently is that natural resource-rich areas often face more severe resource and environmental problems.On the basis of reviewing existing research,this study first analyzed the relationship between natural resource endowment and green economic growth by choosing the way of technological progress as the intermediary variable.Second,under the framework of data envelopment analysis(DEA),it used the non-radial direction distance function method with global reference to build the measurement of green growth efficiency of provinces in China,and set up the panel data samples.Third,based on the characteristics of sample data and theoretical analyses,an econometric model was constructed to analyze the impact of resource endowment on green growth efficiency through technological progress.The conclusions are as follows:(1)Natural resource endowments inhibit green growth efficiency;(2)Resource endowments have crowding-out effect on technology innovation and promoting effect on technology import;(3)Technology innovation is conducive to the improvement of green growth efficiency,while technology import is not.This research has theoretical and practical significance for areas rich in natural resources to save resource and improve the environment and realize green and high-quality development.