两种型式军用车辆防护座椅人因工效对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Human Factors and Ergonomics of Two Types of Protective Seats of Military Vehick

目的目前对于防护座椅的研究主要针对安全性,但在人因工效方面的研究力度欠缺。方法建立直背式和斜背式两种防护座椅三维模型并导入Jack软件中,与不同百分位中国人体数字模型组建人因工效仿真环境,对驾驶员和乘员分别进行人因工效分析,包括能量消耗、关节舒适度、下背部分析、工作姿态分析等。结果最终得到防护座椅的一系列人因工效指标。斜背式座椅相对于直背式而言,其舒适度更高,下背部受力更小,工作姿态纠正等级更低,更有利于长时间保持。结论斜背式防护座椅工效性能更优。

Objective The current research on protective seats mainly focuses on safety,but the research on human efficiency is lacking.Methods To solve this problem,three-dimensional models of straight-back and diagonal-back protective seats are established and imported into the Jack software.The percentile Chinese human body digital model builds a human factors ergonomics simulation environment,and conducts human factors ergonomics analysis on the driver and occupants,including energy consumption,joint comfort,lower back analysis,working posture analysis,etc.,Results and finally obtains a protective seat Series of ergonomic indicators.The analysis results show that compared to the straight-back seat,the slantback seat has higher comfort,less stress on the lower back,lower working posture correction level,and is more conducive to long-term maintenance.Conclusion The ergonomic of slantback seat is better.