杨朱学说的盛衰与活化

The Popularty and Declination and Activation of Yang Zhu's Doctrine

杨朱学说在中国思想史上经历了兴盛、衰亡与活化的过程。先秦时期,杨朱之学与儒墨两家鼎足而立,其“为我”“贵己”的思想观念因重视个体价值而足以“言盈天下”。战国以降,杨朱后学形成“忍情性”与“纵情性”两个派系,“纵情性”一派因具有纵欲主义的思想而受到诸家批判。秦汉之后,杨朱之学逐渐走向沉寂,与其思想义理不合时宜有关。清季民初,以梁启超、顾实等人为代表的诸多学者开始重新诠释与解读杨朱思想。近代学者挖掘杨朱之学中具有民主、民权、个性、自由等倾向的思想内蕴,目的在于为西方现代性观念在中国的传播寻求传统的理论依托。

Yang Zhu's theory has undergone a process of prosperity and declination and activation in the history of Chinese thought.In the pre-Qin period,Yang Zhu's view and Confucianism and Mohist school stood together,and their ideas of being for me and valuing oneself were enough to taking about the world because of the value of individual life.After the Warring States period,Yang Zhu's post-school formed two schools of forbearing nature and indulging nature.After the Qin and Han dynasties,Yang's thought gradually went into silence,which had a great relationship with the criticism of Yang Zhu's post-school of his ideology and reason.In the late Qing dynasty and the early Republic of Chinese,Yang and Mo's thought showed signs of activation.Its many schoolars,such as Liang qi-chao and Gu shi,began to reinterpret and interpret Yang Zhu's thought.Modern scholars excavate the ideological connotation of the tendency of democracy,civil rights,individuality and freedom in Yang's theory in order to seek the traditional support for the spread of western modernity in China.