L-茶氨酸药理作用的研究进展

Research Progress on Pharmacological Effects of L-theanine

L-茶氨酸(L-The)是绿茶中提取出的一种非蛋白质类氨基酸,抗氧化作用极强,具有多种药理作用。对于中枢神经系统,L-The可以通过直接地促进神经因子的发生和间接地抗氧化等保护作用,改善认知功能,有利于阿尔茨海默症(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)的治疗;通过发挥抗氧化、抗炎的特性起到神经保护剂的作用;通过升高α波活性、上调多巴胺水平,起到改善情绪和睡眠的作用。对于心血管系统,L-The可通过调节NO水平、调节昼夜紊乱、降低低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein,LDL)水平来预防心血管疾病。对于肿瘤治疗,L-The可通过促进肿瘤细胞凋亡、调节抗癌药的体内分布水平起到抗癌的辅助作用;还能通过抗氧化作用对多个器官起到保护作用,包括治疗过程中降低药物对机体的损伤。对于免疫系统,L-The能提高脾脏的重量,提高免疫力,降低病毒感染风险。对于机体代谢,L-The在人体中能促进葡萄糖代谢,降低Ⅱ型糖尿病发生风险;还能促进运动后体力恢复。L-The广泛的药理作用使其研究前景十分广阔,得到了国内外学者的高度重视。该文以当前L-The在药理学相关领域的研究为基础,对L-The在中枢神经系统、心血管系统、抗肿瘤、降低毒性、免疫系统以及代谢调节这六个方面的药理作用进行了综述,以期为L-The的研发和临床用药研究提供理论参考。

L-theanine(L-The)is a non-protein amino acid extracted from green tea.It has strong antioxidant activity and various pharmacological effects.For the central nervous system,L-The can improve cognitive function by directly promoting the occurrence of neurokines and indirectly resisting oxidation and other protective effects,which is beneficial to the treatment of AD.Besides,L-The,by exerting the characteristics of anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation,plays a role in neuroprotective agents.What`s more,it can also improve mood and sleep by increasing the activity ofαwave and up-regulating the level of dopamine.For cardiovascular system,L-The can prevent cardiovascular disease by regulating NO level,regulating diurnal disorder and reducing LDL level.For tumor treatment,L-The can play an auxiliary role in anti-cancer by promoting tumor cell apoptosis and regulating the biological distribution of anticancerdrugs;it can also protect multiple organs through anti-oxidation,including reducing drug damageto the body during treatment. For the immune system,L-The can increase the weight of thespleen,improve immunity,and reduce the risk of viral infection. For metabolism,L-The canalso promote glucose metabolism and reduce the risk of type Ⅱ diabetes,and promote physicalrecovery after exercise. Because of its extensive pharmacological effects,L-The has a broadresearch prospect,which has been highly valued by scholars at home and abroad,and the relatedresearch is also gradually increasing. Based on the current research on pharmacology of L-The,the pharmacological effects of L-The on central nervous system,cardiovascular system,antitumor,reducing toxicity,immune system and metabolic regulation were reviewed. It is hopedthat it can provide theoretical reference for the research and development of L-the and clinicalmedication.