幸福河评价体系及其应用

Happy River evaluation system and its application

幸福河是中国新时代江河治理的新目标,对保障河流健康及经济社会可持续发展意义重大。为定量评价幸福河状况,本文通过对幸福河概念内涵的进一步梳理,提出幸福河评价体系;以安全运行、持续供给、生态健康、和谐发展"四大判断准则"为框架,按"目标—准则—指标"三层级,构建幸福河评价指标体系,包括基本指标16个、备选指标34个;参考相关规范、标准文件和研究成果,将幸福河评价指标划分为5个等级,分别给出各指标5个等级的分级标准值;引入"幸福河指数"来定量评价河流幸福河状态,采用"单指标量化—多指标综合—多准则集成"方法,定量计算幸福河指数。最后,以黄河为例,分别对2017年黄河上中下游分段、支流渭河以及流经的9个省区开展幸福河评价的实例应用。经验证,所提出的幸福河评价体系能较好地反映黄河客观实际,具有较强的可靠性和适用性。

The construction of rivers into Happy Rivers is a new goal for river management in China in the new era,which is of great significance for sustainable development of river health and the society.The present study further evaluated the concept of a Happy River and proposed a Happy River evaluation system.The evaluation system is based on the framework of the“Four Major Judgment Criteria”,namely,safe operation,continuous supply,ecological health,and harmonious development,and included 16 and 34 basic and alternative indicators,respectively,according to the three levels of“goal—criteria—indicator”.By referencing the large number of normative and standard documents along with the research results,five levels of Happy River grading standards were proposed for each indicator.The“Happy River Index”was introduced for quantitative evaluation of river status,and the“single index quantification—multiple indices synthesis—poly-criteria integration”method was used to calculate the index;Finally,the evaluation system was applied to the Yellow River,China for 2017,including the Yellow River segment,nine provinces,and the Weihe River tributary.The present study verified that the proposed evaluation system accurately represented the Happy River status of the Yellow River,and the evaluation system is therefore reliable and applicable.