南京市社区≥60岁女性生殖道感染及就医行为影响因素分析

Reproductive tract infection and influencing factors of healthcare-seeking behavior of women aged over 60 in Nanjing

目的探讨城市社区老年妇女生殖道感染情况并分析影响其就医行为的相关因素。方法采用分层整群抽样法抽取南京市老年妇女进行生殖道感染及相关因素问卷调查并进行常规妇科检查,采用描述流行病学分析方法对该人群生殖道感染情况及就医行为进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对就医行为影响因素进行分析。结果本研究共对3270名南京市各社区≥60岁女性进行调查,年龄60~88岁,平均(68.78±5.24)岁。文化程度以初中、高中/中专为主(2092人,占64.0%)。1897例在过去3个月内至少出现过1项生殖道感染相关症状,发生率为58.01%。916例诊断为生殖道感染,生殖道感染患病率为28.01%,就医率为59.93%(549/916)。多因素分析结果显示已婚(OR=1.253)、生育子女数≥2个(OR=2.765)、大专及以上文化程度(OR=3.056)、家庭年收入≥5万元(OR=2.428)、有生殖道感染史(OR=2.522)、有医保(OR=4.609)、生殖道感染知识得分越高(OR=4.477)的生殖道感染老年妇女就医可能性越高。结论生殖道感染在城市社区老年妇女中有较高的发病率,就医率较低,其就医行为主要受到文化程度、经济状况、生殖道感染知识了解程度等因素的影响。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of reproductive tract infection(RTI)among elderly women in urban communities,and to analyze the related factors influencing their healthcare-seeking behaviors.Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was used to select elderly women in Nanjing for RTI and related factors questionnaire surveys and routine gynecological examinations.Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the status of RTI and healthcare-seeking behaviors.Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of healthcare-seeking behavior.Results A total of 3270 Nanjing community women≥60 years old were surveyed,aged 60-88 years old,with an average age of(68.78±5.24)years.The education level was mainly junior high school,high school/secondary specialized school(2092,accounting for 64.0%).Among them,1897 cases had at least one symptom related to RTI who in the past 3 months,the incidence rate was 58.01%;916 cases were diagnosed as RTI,the prevalence rate was 28.01%,and the rate of healthcare-seeking was 59.93%(549/916).Multivariate analysis showed that the elderly women with RTI were married(OR=1.253),had more than 2 children(OR=2.765),college education or above(OR=3.056),annual family income≥50000 yuan(OR=2.428),a history of RTI(OR=2.522),medical insurance(OR=4.609),and a higher score of knowledge of RTI(OR=4.477),had higher possibility of healthcare-seeking.Conclusion RTI has a high incidence rate among elderly women in urban communities,and the rate of healthcare-seeking is low.Their healthcare-seeking behaviors are mainly affected by factors such as education level,economic status,and knowledge of RTI.