短寿命核素气溶胶监测相关问题探讨

Discussion on short-lived radionuclide aerosol monitoring

目前的放射性气溶胶连续监测仪或连续空气监测仪,都是针对长寿命的α放射性核素(如U,Pu)或β放射性核素(如137 Cs,90 Sr),因而在采样测量过程中都不考虑被监测核素的衰变修正。但是,包括核电站在内的具有反应堆运行的核设施,对某些短寿命放射性核素(如88 Rb,138 Cs以及18 F等)的气溶胶监测也是重要的。本文针对短寿命核素气溶胶监测中的有关问题进行讨论,提出了相关的可供监测仪器报告监测结果的实际可行的数据处理方法。

Continuous radioactive aerosol monitors,or continuous air monitors(CAMs)are referred usually to the long-livedα/βnuclides(such as U,Pu and 137 Cs etc).Thus it has not considered the decay corrections of radioactive nuclides themselves during sampling and measuring.But it is important as well to monitor short-lived nuclides(such as 88 Rb,138 Cs and 18 F,etc)in many nuclear factories including nuclear power plants where the nuclear reactors are to be operated.Therefore,the monitoring of short-lived nuclides is important.This paper discusses the problems about the monitoring of short-lived nuclides,and suggests the data processing methods that can be used for the real monitors to obtain reasonable monitoring results of short-lived nuclides.