新时代战略性矿产资源安全评价指标体系构建与实证

A new security evaluation framework of strategical minerals in the new era

保障战略性矿产资源安全事关国家现代化建设全局。新时代背景下,一方面经济全球化进程持续加快,世界经济高度融合和相互依赖的内在特征逐渐显现;另一方面全球矿业市场供求格局不断调整,“黑天鹅”事件不断涌现,给矿产资源安全带来诸多挑战;此外,可持续发展战略对生态环境保护提出了更高的要求,如何实现战略性矿产资源的科学合理开发利用,强调资源开发与环境保护的协调发展,坚持开放开发促进全球矿业合作共赢,使其成为国家安全与绿色发展的内生动力与重要支撑,在满足矿产资源自身安全的同时,为构建人类命运共同体发挥积极作用,具有重要的研究价值。文章阐述了新时代战略性矿产资源安全的内涵,并就其安全评价指标体系与模型的构建进行了讨论与实证分析。结果显示:①新时代中国战略性矿产资源安全的内涵为以国家资源安全利益为目标,以“优态共存”为原则,统筹国家自身安全与全球共同安全,综合考虑国家意志与市场力量的双重协同,实现全球环境治理和国内社会经济可持续的协同发展。②从全球资源供应稳定性、国内资源经济安全性和优态共存性三个维度构建的新时代战略性矿产资源安全评价指标体系能够有效评价中国战略性矿产资源安全水平。③中国钴资源安全指数与优态共存指数在研究期内表现出相同的变化趋势,表明国内外钴资源市场融合度的改善对提高中国钴资源安全水平具有重要意义。

Ensuring the security of strategic minerals is related to the overall situation of national modernization.In the context of the new era,the process of economic globalization continues to accelerate,and the inherent characteristics of high integration and interdependence of the world economy are gradually emerging;on the other hand,the supply and demand pattern of the global mining market is constantly adjusting,and‘black swan’incidents continue to emerge,bringing many challenges to mineral resource security.In addition,the sustainable development strategy puts forward higher requirements for ecological environmental protection.It is of important research value to ensure the security of minerals to realize the scientific and rational development and utilization of strategic mineral resources,to emphasize the coordinated development of resource development and environmental protection,and to insist on open development to promote global mining win-win cooperation for national security and green development.This article expounds the concept of strategic mineral resource security in the new era,and discusses the construction of its evaluation index framework by using cobalt to test its adaptiveness.The results show that:①The concept of China’s strategic mineral resource security in the new era is aimed at national resource security interests and the principle of‘excellent coexistence’,for the purpose of coordinating China’s national security and that of the rest of the world,and taking into consideration the dual synergy of China’s national will and its market power to achieve the sustainable and coordinated development of global environmental governance and domestic society and economy.②The index framework from three dimensions,namely global resource supply stability,domesticly resource economic security,and superior coexistence,can be effectively used to evaluate the security of China’s strategic mineral resources in the new era.③Cobalt security index in China and the coexistence index show the same trend during the study period,indicating that the improvement of the integration of domestic and foreign cobalt resource markets will improve China’s security of cobalt resources.