6810例儿童呼吸道感染病毒病原学回顾性分析

Retrospective analysis of viral etiology in 6810 children with respiratory tract infection

目的了解海安市儿童呼吸道病毒病原学特征。方法回顾性分析南通大学附属海安医院2018年1月至2020年5月急性呼吸道感染6810例患儿临床资料,采用直接免疫荧光法检测7种常见呼吸道病毒抗原。结果①6810例送检标本中957例为阳性,总阳性率为14.05%。其中呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)阳性例数最多,为524例(54.75%),其次依序是腺病毒(ADV)154例(16.09%)、副流感病毒Ⅲ(PIVⅢ)80例(8.36%)、副流感病毒Ⅰ(PIVⅠ)65例(6.69%)、甲型流感病毒(IFA)58例(6.60%)、乙型流感病毒(IFB)55例(5.75%)、副流感病毒Ⅱ(PIVⅡ)21例(2.19%)。②不同性别呼吸道病毒感染比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.218,P>0.05)。③11d~1岁幼儿病毒检出率阳最高(19.24%),患儿随着年龄增长,病毒感染率下降。④不同疾病的病毒阳性率不同,其中上呼吸道感染阳性率最高(27.53%),其次是肺炎(16.90%)、毛细支气管炎(7.19%)、喘息性支气管炎(6.18%);RSV是引起各疾病的主要病毒。结论RSV是海安市地区儿童呼吸道感染疾病的主要病毒,11d~1岁幼儿儿童阳性率最高,常以上呼吸道感染为主。

Objective To understand the etiological characteristics of children’s respiratory viruses in Hai′an City.Methods The clinical data of 6810 children with acute respiratory infection in our hospital from January 2018 to May 2020 was retrospectively analyzed.The antigens of seven common respiratory viruses were detected by direct immunofluorescence assay.Results(1)Of the 6810 specimens tested,957 were positive,with a total positive rate of 14.05%.Among them,the number of RSV(respiratory syncytial virus)positive cases was the largest,with a total of 524 cases,followed by ADV(adenovirus),PIVⅢ(parainfluenza virusⅢ),PIVⅠ(parainfluenza virusⅠ),IFA(influenza A),IFB(influenza B),and PIVⅡ(parainfluenza virusⅡ),accounting for 154 cases(16.09%),80 cases(8.36%),65 cases(6.69%),58 cases(6.60%),55 cases(5.75%),and 21 cases(2.19%),respectively.(2)There was no statistically significant difference in respiratory virus infection between different genders(χ2=3.218,P>0.05).(3)The positive rate of antigen detection in children aged 11 days to 1 year old(19.24%)was the highest,with the viral infection rate decreasing with age.(4)The positive rates of viruses were different in different diseases,of which the highest was upper respiratory tract infection(27.53%),followed by pneumonia(16.90%),and bronchiolitis(7.19%),and the lowest was asthmatic bronchitis(6.18%).RSV was the main virus in each disease.Conclusion RSV is the main virus of respiratory tract infection in children in Hai’an City.The positive rate of viral infection in children aged 11 days to 1 year old is the highest,mainly with upper respiratory tract infection.