3500MHz急性电磁辐射对豚鼠焦虑行为及听皮层的影响

Effects of Acute Exposure to 3500 MHz Electromagnetic Radiation on Anxiety-Like Behaviors and Auditory Cortex in Guinea Pigs

目的探讨3500MHz(5G)手机急性电磁辐射(EMR)对豚鼠听阈及听皮层的影响。方法将28只豚鼠随机分为4组(n=7):假辐射组和辐射组(2w/kg、4w/kg、10w/kg),分别暴露于比吸收率(SAR)为0w/kg,2w/kg,4w/kg,10w/kg电磁辐射系统中连续72小时。辐射前后听性脑干反应(ABR)检测听力阈值;旷场实验检测焦虑行为;硫代巴比妥酸法、黄嘌呤氧化酶法、比色法,分别检测听皮层丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-px)活力;免疫荧光法检测听皮层细胞色素C(Cyt c)和半胱氨酸蛋白酶(Caspase)-9的表达。结果辐射后ABR听阈及旷场行为差异无明显改变(P>0.05);与假辐射组相比,听皮层MDA含量在各辐射组中均明显增加(P<0.05),SOD、GSH-px活力均显著降低(P<0.05);免疫荧光发现各辐射组听皮层细胞色素C及Caspase-9阳性表达。结论氧化应激损伤是3500MHz(5G)手机急性电磁辐射产生生物学效应的重要机制,损伤的氧化应激系统可诱导线粒体细胞色素C的释放,进而活化Caspase-9诱导细胞凋亡。但短期暴露于3500MHz(5G)电磁辐射下,其豚鼠听阈无显著提高,焦虑行为未见明显异常,手机电磁辐射的长期效应仍需进一步证实。

Objective To investigate the effect of 3500 MHz(5G)mobile phone electromagnetic radiation on anxiety-like behaviors,hearing thresholds,oxidative stress and apoptosis in the auditory cortex in guinea pigs.Method Twenty-eight guinea pigs were randomly divided into a sham group and three 3500 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation(RF-EMR)exposure groups at an average specific rate(SAR)of 2,4 or 10 w/kg for 72 hours.After exposure,animal behaviors were observed by open field test(OFT),hearing thresholds by auditory brainstem responses(ABRs),and content of malonaldehyde(MDA)and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)by biochemical tests.Cytochrome-c(Cyt c)and Caspase-9 were evaluated by immunofluorescence.Results There were no significant changes in hearing thresholds and basic indices of animal behavior after exposure(P>0.05).However,compared to the sham groups,levels of MDA were increased in exposure groups(P<0.05),while activities of SOD and GSH-px decreased(P<0.05),Relocalization of Cytochrome-c and activation of Caspase-9 were detected in exposure groups.Conclusion Oxidative stress damage is an important mechanism of RF-EMR biological effects,which can induce the release of Cytochrome c and activate Caspase-9.However,it does not appear to change hearing thresholds or lead to anxiety behavior patterns in short term.The long term cumulative effects of mobile phone radiation remained to be further confirmed.