口腔正畸治疗中微型种植体支抗治疗对患者牙齿凸距、倾角差异及磨牙位移情况的影响

Effects of microimplant anchorage on tooth pitch,angle difference,and molar displacement in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment

目的探讨口腔正畸治疗中微型种植体支抗治疗对患者牙齿凸距、倾角差异及磨牙位移情况的影响。方法选取2016年1月至2017年12月接受口腔正畸治疗患者46例,根据选用支抗不同分为两组,对照组采用口外弓加强支抗正畸法,研究组采用微型种植支抗技术。比较两组治疗效果,比较两组治疗结束后尖牙间宽度、下齿槽座角、上齿槽座角、磨牙移位、倾角差异、牙齿凸距等各项数据,比较两组不良反应。结果研究组治疗成功率为91.3%(21/23)高于对照组的65.2%(15/23)(P<0.05)。研究组治疗结束后尖牙间宽度(1.71±0.40)mm、上齿槽座角(-1.88±0.45)°、下齿槽座角(1.39±0.30)°、倾角差异(27.72±8.20)°、牙齿凸距差(4.16±1.13)mm均大于对照组[(0.64±0.08)mm、(-0.73±0.10)°、(0.82±0.13)°、(11.49±3.33)°、(2.34±0.59)mm](均P<0.05),研究组磨牙移位(3.37±0.90)mm小于对照组[(5.94±1.67)mm](P<0.05)。研究组不良反应率为8.7%(2/23)低于对照组的39.1%(9/23)(P<0.05)。结论口腔正畸治疗中使用微型种植体支抗,治疗效果显著,具有较好的稳定性、安全性,可降低术后感染发生率,提高治疗成功率,临床应用价值较高。

Objective To investigate the effects of microimplant anchorage on tooth pitch,angle difference,and molar displacement in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.Methods A total of 46 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment from January 2016 to December 2017 were selected and were divided into two groups according to the choice of anchorage.In the control group,the anchorage was strengthened by the external arch of the mouth,while in the study group,the technique of micro-implant anchorage was adopted.The therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared;after the treatment,the width between canines,the angle of the inferior alveolar socket,the angle of the superior alveolar socket,the displacement of the molar,the difference of the inclination angle,and the crown distance of the teeth were compared between the two groups;the adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The therapeutic success rate of the study group was 91.3%(21/23),higher than that of the control group[65.2%(15/23)](P<0.05).After the treatment,the width between canines(1.71±0.40)mm,the angle of the superior alveolar socket(-1.88±0.45)°,the angle of the inferior alveolar socket(1.39±0.30)°,the difference of the inclination angle(27.72±8.20)°,and the crown distance of the teeth(4.16±1.13)mm in the study group were all greater than those in the control group[(0.64±0.08)mm,(-0.73±0.10)°,(0.82±0.13)°,(11.49±3.33)°,(2.34±0.59)mm](all P<0.05),the molar displacement(3.37±0.90)mm in the study group was less than that in the control group[(5.94±1.67)mm](P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions of the study group was 8.7%(2/23),lower than that of the control group[39.1%(9/23)](P<0.05).Conclusion The use of microimplant anchorage in orthodontic treatment has significant therapeutic effect,good stability and safety,which can reduce the incidence of postoperative infection,improve the success rate of treatment,with high clinical application value.