住院患者新冠肺炎认知和焦虑情况的调查及管理对策

Investigation on cognition and anxiety of inpatients on COVID-19 and management strategy

目的了解新冠肺炎疫情下住院患者对新冠肺炎的认知、态度、应对行为及焦虑状况,做好疫情期间的患者管理。方法对2020年3月15—30日在佛山市第一人民医院禅城医院住院的117例患者进行问卷调查,内容包括人口学特征、认知情况、应对行为和焦虑自评量表(SAS)。结果不同年龄、学历的住院患者新冠肺炎认知、态度和相关行为改变有差异。对新冠肺炎的认知方面,除感染科患者外,小学以下学历及20岁以下患者得分最低,分别为(7.28±0.47)分、(7.85±0.46)分;在态度、生活行为和方式的改变方面,除感染科患者外,小学以下学历及内科患者得分最低,分别为(6.28±0.71)分、(6.55±0.89)分,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);全部患者的焦虑平均得分为(51.24±11.35)分,不同性别、年龄、学历和科室住院患者焦虑得分比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论20岁以下和学历低的患者对新冠肺炎认知情况不足,学历低及内科(以收治老年患者为主)患者对新冠肺炎态度、生活行为和方式的改变与疫情发生之前比较差异较为不明显;大部分住院患者有轻度焦虑,特别是感染科患者,医务人员应有针对性地对这些重点人群加强健康教育,以减轻其焦虑心理,并科学、规范地做好特殊时期住院患者的管理。

Objective To investigate the cognition,attitude,behavior,and anxiety of inpatients during COVID-19 break,and do well inpatients management during the epidemic.Methods A total of 117 inpatients were inquired by a questionnaire in our hospital from March 152020 to March 302020,which included demographic characteristics,cognitive status,coping behavior,and self-rating anxiety scale(SAS).Results Inpatients with different ages and educational backgrounds had different cognition,attitudes,and coping behavior on COVID-19.Except for inpatients in infection department,inpatients with education background less than primary school and age below 20 years old had the lowest scores in cognition on COVID-19[(7.28±0.47),(7.85±0.46)],inpatients with education background less than primary school and in internal medicine department had the lowest scores in attitude,changes in life behavior and style[(6.28±0.71),(6.55±0.89)],with statistically significant differences(both P<0.05).The anxiety score of all inpatients was(51.24±11.35),the anxiety scores of inpatients with different gender,age,education background,and department were significantly different(all P<0.05).Conclusions Inpatients with age below 20 years old and low educational background had insufficient cognition on COVID-19.The attitude, changes in life behavior and style among inpatients with low educational background andin internal medicine department (mainly elderly patients) were not obviously different before andafter the outbreak of COVID-19. Most of the inpatients had mild anxiety, especially in the infectiondepartment. Medical staff should strengthen health education for these key groups of inpatients, inorder to reduce their anxiety, and make scientific and standardized management on inpatientsduring special periods.