蝴蝶兰催花过程中叶片内源激素含量的动态变化

Dynamic Changes of Endogenous Hormones in Leaves of Phalaenopsis amabilis During Flower Forcing Process

为研究蝴蝶兰‘绿熊’在催花过程中的内源激素的动态变化,以2年生健康成熟的‘绿熊’为试验材料,测定其在花芽分化期、抽梗期、着苞期和开花期内的生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA)、脱落酸(ABA)和玉米素核苷(ZR)的含量变化。结果表明,在催花15~45天(花芽分化期),IAA和GA开始大幅度降低,在45天时达到了花芽分化时期内的最低值;在抽梗期内IAA和GA开始迅速升高并在催花95天时达到最大,显著高于其他各时期的IAA和GA含量;催花195~240天(开花期)内两者均降低。ABA和ZR在催花15天(花芽分化期)时开始显著上升;抽梗期内ABA的含量下降,而ZR变化不显著;着苞期和开花期内两者均上升,ABA和ZR催花240天(开花期)时达最高值,分别为催花0天(花芽分化期)时的3.2倍和2.97倍。研究认为,内源激素变化对‘绿熊’的花芽分化花器官发育起着十分显著的调控作用,低浓度的IAA、GA和高水平的ABA、ZR有促进‘绿熊’花芽分化的作用,高浓度的IAA、GA和ZR有利于‘绿熊’花梗的伸长。

To study the dynamic changes of endogenous hormones of Phalaenopsis amabilis‘Green Bear’during the process of flower induction,the healthy and mature P.amabilis‘Green Bear’of 2 years was used as the test material to determine the contents of auxin(IAA),gibberellin(GA),abscisic acid(ABA)and zeatin riboside(ZR)at 0,15,30 and 45 days of the flower bud differentiation stage,the stalk period,the bud period and florescence.The results showed that during the flower bud differentiation period 15-45 d,IAA and GA decreased significantly,and reached the lowest value during the flower bud differentiation period at 45 d,IAA and GA rise rapidly during the stem picking period and reached the maximum at 95 d,which were higher than the IAA and GA content in other periods greatly,and then both decreased from 195 to 240 days during flowering period.ABA and ZR increased significantly at the flower bud differentiation period 15 d,and the ABA content decreased during the stemming period,while ZR did not change significantly,and then both increased in the budding stage and the flowering stage from 0 to 45 days,then reached the highest value at flowering stage 240 d,respectively,which were 3.2 times and 2.97 times as much as the content at flower bud differentiation stage 0 d.Therefore,it is concluded that the changes of endogenous hormones play a significant role in regulating the development of the floral organs and flower bud differentiation of P.amabilis‘Green Bear’.Low concentrations of IAA,GA and high levels of ABA and ZR can promote the differentiation of the flower buds of P.amabilis‘Green Bear’,while high concentrations of IAA,GA and ZR are conducive to the pedicel elongation of the P.amabilis‘Green Bear’.