有机硒对马铃薯生理生化指标、品质及产量的影响

Effects of Organic Selenium on Physiological and Biochemical Indexes,Quality and Yield of Potato

为筛选马铃薯喷施有机硒最佳用量,本文采用田间试验方法,研究不同有机硒喷施量下,马铃薯生理生化指标、品质指标及产量的变化。结果表明:有机硒用量为6.0 L·hm-2时,马铃薯叶片中可溶性糖含量(0.63μg·g-1)、SOD(142.62 U·mg-1)、POD(123.03 U·mg-1)、CAT均达到最高值,丙二醛(MDA)含量达到最小,低于对照30.95%,差异极显著(P<0.01),同时块茎中淀粉含量与薯块蛋白也显著高于对照。马铃薯淀粉含量变化随着有机硒用量的增加呈现出先增加后降低再增加的趋势,喷施有机硒能够显著提高马铃薯块茎中淀粉含量以及薯块蛋白含量。有机硒喷施量为6.0 L·hm-2的处理马铃薯产量最高,经方程后拟合有机硒营养液喷施浓度为5.62 L·hm-2时理论产量最高。薯块硒含量随喷施量增加而升高,富硒效果显著。综合来看,当有机硒用量为6.0 L·hm-2时,可有效促进马铃薯产量和品质的提高。

In order to screen the optimal amount of organic selenium in potato spraying,the field experiment method was adopted in this paper to study the changes of physiological and biochemical indexes,quality indexes and yield of potato under different amounts of organic selenium spraying.Results showed that the dosage of the organic selenium 6.0 L·hm-2,potato leaf soluble sugar content(0.63μg·g-1),SOD(142.62 U·mg-1),POD(123.03 U·mg-1),the CAT were maximum,malondialdehyde(MDA)content in minimum,less than 30.95%contrast,extremely significant difference(P<0.01),at the same time,the potato piece of starch and protein in tuber was significantly higher than control.The content of potato starch increased first,then decreased and then increased with the increase of the content of organic selenium.Spraying organic selenium could significantly improve the content of starch and protein in potato lumps.The potato yield was the highest in the treatment with 6.0 L·hm-2,and the theoretical yield was the highest when the concentration of organic selenium nutrient solution was 5.62 L·hm-2 after the equation was fitted.The selenium content of potato chips increased with the increase of spraying amount,and the selenium enrichment effect was significant.In general,when the amount of organic selenium was 6.0 L·hm-2,potato yield and quality could be improved effectively.