琵琶曲《飞花点翠》的流传与变异

Passing Down of Pipa Music Snowflakes Falling on the Woods and Transformation Thereof

《飞花点翠》是一首著名的琵琶传统乐曲,在流传过程中乐曲发生变异,根据所考流传情况,琵琶曲《飞花点翠》的流传过程分为发源期、成熟期、变化期三个时期。关于乐曲的发源《飞花点翠》与《八板》的联系甚微,与《十六板》中的音乐有联系,从明清开始流传至今,崇明派及“瀛洲古调”的形成与发展使《飞花点翠》的流传情况稳定且成熟,并且在“中州古调”的琵琶曲与筝曲中,此曲也得到较为广泛的流传。现当代,《飞花点翠》从受地域、流派影响的成熟阶段进入到受音乐家个体音乐意识影响的变化阶段。《飞花点翠》经刘天华改编后形成的独奏曲风格,使《飞花点翠》从流派中的重要代表性曲目发展成为琵琶传统曲目重要的代表之一。

Snowflakes Falling on the Woods,a piece of well⁃known traditional pipa music,experienced changes during its passing down.Research on it showed there were three periods involved i.e.the origination period,the maturation period,and the transformation period.The formation of the music was only dimly related to the melody of“eight⁃beat”but quite closely related to the melody of“sixteen⁃beat”.Being handed down from Ming and Qing Dynasties,it spread stably and became mature thanks to the emerging and flourishing of“Chongming group”and“Yingzhou ancient tone”;besides that,it spread widely in“Zhongzhou ancient tone”in its branches of pipa music and zheng music.In the modern and contemporary age,Snowflakes Falling on the Woods strode from an era where it was affected by regions and groups to an area where it drew attention from individual musicians who tried to exert personal influence on it.Liu Tianhua made a rearrangement to it by giving it a solo style.It thus is transformed,from a piece of music representative of certain traditional groups,to a piece of music ranking among prominent representatives of the whole traditional pipa music.