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限制择校促进义务教育均衡发展了吗 被引量:1

Does Restriction on School Selection Promote the Balanced Development of Compulsory Education
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摘要 限制择校、义务教育均衡、房价变动均是关系民生的重大事件,而限制择校会改变潜在的竞争方式:由“付费择校”转变为“以房择校”,因而会对学区房价格产生显著的影响。文章重点考察限制择校政策对学区房房价的影响,并从学校质量和限制择校政策两个方面更全面地定量分析重点小学学区房高房价现象。基于南京市四大城区学区房的交易数据,首先利用特征价格模型,估计教育资本化效应,发现与普通小学相比,“省重点”与“市重点”所对应的学区房会分别产生8.8%和8.0%的溢价;进一步,借助2014年《教育部办公厅关于进一步做好重点大城市义务教育免试就近入学工作的通知》这一“准自然实验”,运用双重差分法评估“限制择校”对学区房房价的影响,结果表明相对于普通小学,重点小学的学区房额外溢价5.9%,表明“限制择校”在某种程度上不利于实现义务教育的均衡发展。 Restriction on school selection,the balance of compulsory education and the fluctuation of housing price all matter people's lives.However,restrictions on school selection change a underlying competition mode from"school selection by paying"to"school selection by residence",which has a significant impact on the housing price of school district.This paper focuses on the impact of restrictive school selection on housing prices in school districts,and conducts a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the situation of high housing prices in the district containing prestigious primary schools from two aspects of school quality and restrictive policies on school selection.Based on the housing transaction data of school districts in the four urban areas of city of Nanjing,this study uses Hedonic Price Model to estimate the effect of education capitalization.It is found that compared with ordinary primary schools,the school district with province-wide prestigious schools has a premium of 8.8%on housing price meanwhile one with citywide prestigious schools produce premium of 8.0%.Further,with help of of the Notice of the Ministry of Education concerning Further Enforcement of the Nearby Enrolment Policy without Examination in Targeted Big Cities,which was introduced in 2014 and could be viewed as an quasi-natural experiment,this article uses the double difference method to evaluate the impact of restriction on school selection on housing prices in school districts.The results show that compared with the ordinary school,the housing price of school district with prestigious primary schools generates an additional premium of 5.9%,suggesting that"restrictions on school selection"to some extent are not conducive to achieve a balanced development of compulsory education.
作者 俞艳霞 王铮 YU Yan-xia;WANG Zheng(School of Economics and Management,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)
出处 《兰州财经大学学报》 2020年第5期32-40,共9页 Journal of Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics
基金 国家自然科学基金项目“以‘一带一路’创新牵引中国区域产业转移、转型并高质量发展的机理、路径与政策研究”(71873030)。
关键词 限制择校 学区房溢价 特征价格模型 双重差分法 school selection restriction school district housing premium hedonic price model double difference method
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