无地农民土地权益保障策略研究

Research on the Land Rights and Interests Protection Strategy of Landless Farmers

无地农民是地权稳定乃至地权固化后形成的一个具有中国特色的农村特殊群体,解决无地农民权益保障问题事关社会和谐稳定、脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴。应从户内和户外两个层面构建起无地农民的土地权益保障体系,在户内土地权益保障方面,主要有土地承包经营权户内成员共同共有、土地承包经营权户内继承两大策略;在户外土地权益保障方面,主要是通过将集体经济组织可调整再分配的土地资源按照科学的数量标准和规范的先后次序规则发包给无地农民。为确保无地农民土地权益保障工作的顺利开展,应当完善法律法规,规范土地承包经营权户内继承,细化土地承包经营户内成员共同共有,同时,规范集体经济组织可调整再分配土地资源的管理制度。

Landless farmers are a special rural group with Chinese characteristics formed after land rights are stabilized and even solidified.Protecting the rights and interests of landless farmers is related to social harmony and stability,poverty alleviation and Rural Revitalization.We should build the land rights and interests protection system of landless farmers from indoor and outdoor levels.In terms of indoor land rights and interests protection,there are two major strategies:the right of land contractual management shared by household members and the right of land contractual management inherited by household members;in terms of outdoor land rights and interests protection,it is mainly through contracting out the land resources that can be adjusted and redistributed by collective economic organizations to landless farmers according to scientific quantity standards and normative sequence rules.In order to ensure the smooth development of the land rights and interests protection of landless farmers,we should improve the laws and regulations,standardize the indoor inheritance of the right of land contractual management,refine the common ownership of the members of the household of land contractual management,and standardize the management system of collective economic organizations that can adjust and redistribute land resources.