家族宗子:诗礼传家的责任主体——以春秋时期叔孙豹为中心

The Clan′s Sons:the Main Responsibility Subject of the Cultured Family--Take Shusun Bao in the Spring and Autumn Period as the Center

叔孙豹在鲁国理政期间,政治生态由以霸权为中心转变为以族权为中心。在这样的政治环境中,叔孙豹通过自己的文学创作对诗礼文化进行多方面的理论阐释,与此同时,他率先垂范,以守“礼”、引《诗》以说“礼”、赋《诗》以明“礼”等方面的行为实践,对“诗礼文化”的传承与重建做出了重要贡献。由此可见,春秋时期,出身于世族尤其是作为家族宗子的卿大夫作家群体继承西周的“诗礼文化”传统,以政治生活与日常生活为活动场域,以自身的行为实践,尤其是以文学创作为主要载体,在家族乃至整个社会传承与重建“诗礼文化”,成为诗礼传家的责任主体。特别是自春秋后期族权渐次取代了君权之后,这种主体角色所发挥的功能越来越重要。

Shusun Bao,who was the Shusun clan′s son of Lu.During his governance of government affairs,the political ecology shifted from one centered on hegemonism to one centered on clan authority.In such a political environment,Shusun Bao made a diverse theoretical interpretation of"the poetry and etiquette culture"through his own literary creations.Meanwhile,he made an important contribution to the transmission and reconstruction of the"the poetry and etiquette culture"from both theory elucidation and behavioral practice.Thus we can see that,the high ministers and noble writers who came from aristocracy were the clan′s sons,inherited the poetry and etiquette cultural tradition of the Western Zhou Dynasty in political life and daily life.They especially used literary creation as the main carrier,and spread the culture of poetry and ceremony in the clan and the whole society.They became the main responsibility subject of the poetry and etiquette culture.This kind of subjective role performed more and more importantly especially when clan authority replaced monarch authority in the late Spring and Autumn Period.