纯电动汽车动力电池箱的有限元分析与优化设计

The Finite Element Analysis and Optimization Design of Power Battery Box for Pure Electric Vehicles

对知豆301C纯电动汽车的动力电池箱进行了静态分析、模态分析、随机振动分析,结果表明,该动力电池箱顶盖刚度不足,下箱体材料利用率低,设计过于保守.使用形貌优化技术和多目标直接优化技术分别对顶盖和下箱体进行优化,并参考其优化结果重建了动力电池箱模型.原动力电池箱经过优化设计后顶盖刚度大幅提升,顶盖最大形变量由6.1692 mm减小至1.12 mm;动力电池箱在随机振动分析中X、Y、Z三个方向的最大振动应力都相应减小;整体减重39.79%.

In this paper the static analysis,modal analysis,and random vibration analysis of a power battery box of a pure electric vehicle were carried out.The analysis results revealed that the rigidity of the top cover of the power battery box was insufficient,the material utilization ratio of the bottom box was low,and the design was too conservative.The top cover and bottom box were optimized by using morphology optimization technique and multi-objective direct optimization technique respectively,and the model of power battery box was reconstructed with reference to its optimization results.After optimized design,the stiffness of the top cover of the battery box was greatly improved,and the maximum shape variable of top cover was reduced from 6.1692 mm to 1.12 mm;the maximum vibration stress of X,Y,Z directions in the random vibration analysis of the power battery box decreased accordingly;and the overall weight was reduced by 39.79%.