乳腺癌化疗期患者症状群与心理弹性的相关性研究

Correlations between symptomatic clusters and resilience of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

目的了解乳腺癌化疗期患者的症状群分布及严重程度,并分析其与心理弹性的关系,以期为乳腺癌化疗期患者症状群的有效管理提供依据。方法采用便利取样法,选择本市某三级甲等综合医院诊断为乳腺癌并且在院化疗的218例患者进行横断面研究。了解乳腺癌患者症状群分布及严重程度,并分析其与心理弹性的相关性。结果乳腺癌患者症状群发生率及严重程度不同;通过探索性因子分析的主成分分析得出:乳腺癌化疗期患者主要存在神经-睡眠症状群、消化道-情绪症状群、感知-知觉症状群3个症状群,其中神经-睡眠症状群、消化道-情绪症状群较明显,而且与心理弹性总分及坚韧、自强、乐观3个维度得分呈负相关(均P<0.01)。结论乳腺癌化疗期患者受各种症状的多重困扰,应根据其发生率、严重程度及其与心理弹性的相关性,给予针对性的干预,特别应注重心理弹性的训练,培养和提高患者乐观积极的心态,以减轻症状群给患者带来的困扰。

Objective To investigate the distribution and severity of symptomatic clusters in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and analyze the relationship with resilience in order to provide basis for symptom management of breast cancer patients during chemotherapy. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 218 patients diagnosed with breast cancer during chemotherapy in a Grade III Class A hospital in Shanghai. The distribution and severity of symptoms in breast cancer patients was investigated, with its correlation with resilience analyzed. Results The rate and severity of symptomatic groups across the patients were both variant. By the principal component analysis of exploratory factor analysis, three main symptomatic clusters were abstracted, e.g.,neuro-sleep, digestive-tract-emotion and perceptual-perception. The symptomatic clusters of neuro-sleep and digestive-tract-emotion were more apparent and negatively correlated with resilience as well as its three dimensions of tenacity, self-renewal and optimisticity(P <0.01). Conclusion Breast cancer patients with multiple symptoms during chemotherapy should be given targeted intervention according to the incidence, severity and the correlation with resilience. Especially, our attention should be paid to the training of resilience for cultivating and improving their optimistic attitude so as to ultimately reduce the troubles from those symptomatic clusters.