水利水电钻探技术进展及发展趋势

Progress and development trend of water conservancy and hydropower drilling technology

钻探是工程地质勘察的重要技术手段,通过钻探方式获取的工程地质资料是水利水电工程规划、设计和施工的重要依据。近年来,钻探技术和装备、仪器等在水利水电工程实践中不断地创新和发展。本文中水利水电钻探技术进展主要包括:随钻压水试验技术,自振法抽水试验技术,砂层、软土层和卵砾石层钻进及取样技术,大顶角斜孔钻进技术,声波钻进技术,全液压动力头式钻机,浅海钻探技术以及水利水电帷幕灌浆自动记录仪等。合理选择和应用这些钻探技术和设备对于优化水利水电工程勘察具有重要的意义。本文还对水利水电工程钻探技术的发展趋势进行了分析和展望。

Drilling is an important technical means of engineering geological investigation.The engineering geological data obtained by drilling is an important basis for the planning,design and construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects.In recent years,drilling technology and related equipment has been continuously innovated and developed with implementation of water conservancy and hydropower projects.The main contents of this paper include:water pressure while drilling test technology,self‑vibration pumping test technology,drilling and sampling technology for sand layers,soft soil layers and gravel layers,large angle inclined hole drilling technology,sonic drilling technology,full hydraulic power head drilling machines,shallow water drilling technology and water conservancy and hydropower curtain grouting automatic recorders.Proper selection and usage of the technology and equipment will produce great social and economic benefits for optimization of these water conservancy projects.This paper also analyzes and envisions the development trend of drilling technology for water conservancy and hydropower projects.