元学习研究综述

Review on meta-learning

深度学习和强化学习严重受限于小样本数据集,容易发生过拟合,无法实现类似于人类强泛化性的学习能力。元学习为此应运而生,以累积经验的方式形成“价值观”,基于本身的认知和价值判断能力对模型进行调整或优化,让智能体在实际环境中能快速学会各项复杂新任务,实现真正意义上的人工智能。首先概述了元学习的基本原理,然后根据其所采用的不同元知识形式,深入分析各类方法的研究现状,再探讨了元学习在少镜头学习、机器人学习和无监督学习等领域上的应用潜能,最后对其未来的发展趋势做出展望。

Deep learning and reinforcement learning are limited by small sample data set,which is impossible to realize the strong generalization learning ability.Meta-learning can make up for their shortcomings effectively.The values formed by accumulated experience feedback the corresponding signals to promote the model to adjust itself.It allows the artificial intelligence to learn to complete complex tasks quickly,which implements true artificial intelligence.Firstly,the basic principles of meta-learning were outlined.Secondly,according to the different forms of meta-knowledge,the research status of various methods was analyzed in depth.Finally,the application potential and the future development trends of meta-learning was discussed.