种植型家庭农场经营绩效评价——以黑龙江省为例

Performance Evaluation of Planting Family Farms——Taking Heilongjiang Province as an Example

依托乡村振兴与粮食安全战略发展背景,构建黑龙江省粮食种植型家庭农场经营绩效评价指标体系,根据2019年黑龙江省453家种植型家庭农场调研数据,采用熵值法确定指标权重,分别从经济、社会、生态、学习创新四个维度对黑龙江省水稻、玉米、大豆家庭农场经营水平进行评价。这三类黑龙江省代表性粮食种植型家庭农场具有各自生产特征,重点探索发展过程中存在共性问题。结果表明,种植型家庭农场在增加劳动生产率和土地产出率、提高家庭收入方面具有一定优势;经营绩效评价整体得分情况显示经济绩效表现较好,生态和学习创新层面存在提升空间。基于此,提出关注家庭农场从业人员专业技能与管理水平的培训情况、集中力量发展绿色种植型家庭农场、积极完善农业服务体系等对策建议,以改善种植型家庭农场经营现状。

Based on the agricultural social background of rural revitalization and food security,with 453 planting family farms'data in Heilongjiang Province in 2019,constructing a planting family farm management performance evaluation index system,using the entropy method to determine the weight,and then operated the performance level of family farm from economy,society,ecology and learning innovation.The three types of family farms had their own development characteristics,but the focuses were on their common problems.The results showed that the planting family farms did well in labor productivity,land output rate and family income.Economic performance score was better than others,there was still huge room for improvement in ecology and learning innovation performance.It was recommended to guide Heilongjiang planting family farms to improve the education and management level of family farm administrators and employees,actively develop green planting family farms,and improve the rural service system.