6个非洲菊品种的花粉特性及其离体萌发

Pollen Characteristics and in Vitro Pollen Germination in Six Cultivars of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus

为研究不同条件下的花粉特性及其离体萌发,笔者通过测定6个非洲菊(Gerbera jamesonii Bolus)品种的花粉形态、花粉数量和花粉活力,明确花粉特性和不同条件下的花粉活力;利用spss 23.0软件进行花粉大小、形态指数和花粉数量的系统聚类分析。结果表明:6个非洲菊品种的花粉形态、花粉数量和花粉活力均存在差异。‘玲珑’的花粉粒最大,‘大雪菊’的花粉粒最小;‘云南红’花粉数量最多,‘玲珑’花粉数量最低;用花粉离体萌发法测定不同时期(初开、半开、盛开期)和不同温度下(5,15,25,35℃)的花粉活力范围分别为2.75%~33.54%和0.37%~34.62%。系统聚类法以花粉粒粒长和花粉粒直径聚类,在组间距离为25处,6个非洲菊品种被划分为二大类,第一大类包括‘大雪菊’、‘拉丝’、‘香槟’、‘云南红’和‘紫霞’,第二类中的‘玲珑’单独聚成1类。

In order to study the pollen characteristics and in vitro germination under different conditions,6 Gerbera jamesonii Bolus cultivars were observed in terms of pollen morphology,pollen quantity and pollen viability,and the pollen size,morphological index and pollen quantity were systematically analyzed by using SPSS23.0 software.The results showed that there were differences in pollen morphology,pollen quantity and pollen viability among the 6 Gerbera cultivars.The pollen grains of the cultivar‘Linglong’were the largest,and those of cultivar‘Daxueju’the smallest.The quantity of pollen of cultivar‘Yunnan Hong’was the highest,and that of cultivar‘Linglong’the lowest.The pollen viability at different flowering stages(flowers initially opened,half opened or fully opened)and temperatures(5,15,25,35℃)determined by pollen germination in vitro ranged from 2.75%to 33.54%and from 0.37%to 34.62%,respectively.The systematic clustering showed that the length and diameter of pollen grain were clustered.Six Gerbera cultivars were divided into two categories at distance 25 between the categories.The first category includes cultivars‘Daxueju’,‘Lasi’,‘xiangbin’,‘Yunnan Hong’and‘Zixia’,while cultivar‘Linglong’in the second category was clustered into one group.